Early Iron Age II

When was the Ealy Iron Age II?

900 to 750/700 BCE

What were the few Greek settlements in the Early Iron Age II?

Argos, Athens, Scossus, Corinth, Lefkandi, Sparta

Oikos

house = all people/things within and outside of the home

Who shares work in the Oikos?

all members of the entire family

What was the aim of the Oikos?

have the largest number of family members

Social hierarchy in Early Iron Age II?

chief/high priest —> generals/people below royalty —> demos —> Thetes/slaves

Thetes

hired workers

Kleros

lot, portion on which family’s Oikos was located

Akleroi

people that have no land 

World literature in Early Iron Age II

Gilgamesh and Homer

End of Early Iron Age II

population growth, pasture converted to the production of grain, emigration because of disparity of land distribution

Imports at the end of the Early Iron Age II

copper, tin, iron, and gold

Exports at the end of the Early Iron Age II

pottery, woolen goods, cattle hides, and leather

Greeks got the alphabet from the _____ and added ____ to make it how we know it today

Phoenicians; vowels

Three generation rule

it takes three generations for an oral story to be remembered

Earliest known specimen of civic use of writing from ___ carved around _____

Dreros; 650 BCE

Was reading and writing accessible to all?

Yes

When were the first Greek temples built

800 BCE

What were the first Greek temples made of?

small, mud brick walls, wooden columns, like regular houses

Temple in Samos

100ft compared to usual 25ft; first temple to make a difference

Temple in Samos was dedicated to…

Hera

____ BCE temples were being built as we know them today

700

Dipylon Crater

grave marker for a wealthy woman; Dipylon cemetery at Ceraemicus in Athens

Year of the Dipylon Crater

750 BCE

Panhellenism

time for all Greeks to come together; b/c they all spoke so many languages or had sublevels of culture 

Prefix pan-

all

Panhellenic sanctuaries included…

Zeus, Hera of Olympia, Apollo and Artemis of Delos, shrine of Zeus at Dodona, shrine of Apollo at Delphi

Panhellenic activities included…

common rituals and sacrifices; took part in athletic contests 

Olympic Games used to be called…

Festival of Zeus (at Olympia)

Island of Dylos

very large monument that belongs to everyone and no one

The Island of Dylos is also called…

Island of Gods

Homer refers to Carians as ____

barbarophonoi

Barbarophonoi

strange speaking; “bar bar bar’ = blah blah blah