uc scout sem 1 final review

Which of the following was NOT true regarding the Puritans of New England?

They allowed women to participate fully in spiritual and political life

____ communities were settlements of escaped slaves who often settled in the backwoods of Georgia and Florida, sometimes joining forces with the Seminole Indians.

Maroon

What did the Treaty of Tordesillas decree in 1494?

That Spanish settlement and Portuguese settlement would be divided vertically down the Americas -

Speakers of what language began settling in Quaker-led Pennsylvania in the decades after its establishment?

German

Which pairing correctly matches the historical personality to his or her respective actions?

John Winthrop: governor of Massachusetts

Which description below best defines the term "indentured servant" in the context of the American colonies?

A person who signed a contract committing himself to a limited term of service in exchange for a paid passage to the colonies along with compensation and land after the term of service was faithfully completed

The First Great Awakening in the 1730s and 1740s was theologically influenced by:

The German Pietist movement

Which of the following was TRUE about the province of Quebec in the early 18th century as conflicts between the English and French over control of North America began to erupt?

Settlement was limited to Catholics, and farmland was granted only to a select few

Which of the definitions below best describes the term "deism?"

The belief in a god that created the universe and allowed free will to dictate the course of human beings and their societies

Which pairing correctly matches the historical personality to his respective actions?

Peter Stuyvesant: tyrannical last Dutch governor of New Netherlands -

Charles Chauncy, a traditionalist preacher during the time of the First Great Awakening, denounced what trend in colonial Christian worship?

The allowing of women to speak publicly and leader prayer services

Which of the descriptions below best defines the "Halfway Covenant" introduced by the Puritan churches in 1662?

The Puritan agreement to baptize children of baptized adults, giving young people partial membership in the Puritan church before they were old enough to express their own commitment to Jesus Christ

This hawkish British political leader was the chief architect of British military policy during the French and Indian War, leading to the decisive English victories.

William Pitt

This was the last of the original thirteen English colonies established on the Atlantic coast, and was originally intended to be a haven for debtors from Europe.

Georgia

This English general hampered early British efforts in the Ohio River Valley with his inept leadership and his alienation of pro-English Native American tribes.

Edward Braddock

The term "New Lights" emerged during the First Great Awakening, and was used to refer to:

New, less formal Christian denominations like the Methodists and Baptists -

Which of the following was an example of a conflict fought between Native Americans and English settlers resulting in massacres of indigenous people by the English victors?

Pequot War

John Rolfe advocated for the growth of this cash crop in and around the settlement of Jamestown, and it eventually became the dominant cash crop of the colony of Virginia.

Tobacco

This famous conquistador was credited with finally defeating the Inca Empire in the Andean highlands, paving the way for Spanish control of the western coast of the South American continent.

Francisco Pizarro

Maryland's 1648 Act of Toleration dealt with what specific matter?

The issue of religious freedom of both Catholics and Protestants

This ethno-cultural group became a dominant population force in the more rural regions of the middle and southern colonies, bringing with them their musical traditions and contempt for English authority.

Scots-Irish

The term "Amerindian" is synonymous with:

All native peoples who inhabited the Americas prior to European exploration and colonization.

The swampy lowlands of South Carolina were highly conducive to the growth of this labor-intensive crop.

Rice

What was the fate of the colony of Roanoke, settled on an island off the coast of modern-day North Carolina in 1587?

The second round of colonists were found to have abandoned the colony - "Lost Colony"

The "Middle Passage" involved what historical phenomenon?

The kidnapping of slaves in West Africa and their transatlantic passage to their final destination of plantations in Europe and the Americas

Which colonial leader remained an ardent Loyalist upon the onset of the American Revolutionary War?

Lord Dunmore of Virginia

Match the correct description to the respective historical personality:

Nathanael Greene: Patriot military leader who was dispatched by Washington to fight back against British forces in the Carolinas

After the devastating winter at Valley Forge, what happened that boosted the prospects of the surviving members of Washington's Continental Army forces?

Baron Von Steuben's arrival -

The Sugar Act and the Molasses Act both dealt with the trade of sugar and molasses products in the British American colonies. The region of British America that produced the most of these were:

The Caribbean (West Indies) islands

Which of the following Patriot leaders was NOT a significant part of the southern American Revolutionary War theater?

Robert Morris

Abigail Adams and Judith Sargent Murray became known during the revolutionary war period for:

Their writings calling for political equality for women in the new American nation

The British government tried to control trade in the American colonies by preventing colonists from trading openly with other European empires. These restrictions were in line with the economic philosophy of:

Mercantilism

This British military settlement was a key focal point during the Battle of Saratoga Springs:

Fort Ticonderoga

The rallying cry phrase "taxation without representation" was first coined by this Boston lawyer:

James Otis

During the American Revolutionary War, this colony implemented a radically democratic model of governance, which was criticized by this conservative member of the Patriot faction:

Pennsylvania; John Adams

This famed leader of English-speaking settlers into the Kentucky territory joined the Patriot cause and fought against the pro-British Shawnee tribe:

Daniel Boone

After 1763, the British government began imposing additional taxes on its American colonists largely because:

After the French and Indian War, the British felt that their American colonists should shoulder some of the debt burdens from that conflict

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the situation of American women during and after the American Revolutionary War?

American women supported the Patriot movement in different ways, but did not achieve equal rights or citizenship after the end of the war

Which of the following was NOT an issue during the 1780s land ordinance?

Treaties with Spain regarding American expansion into the Appalachian mountain region

Which of the following was NOT a British advantage during the American Revolutionary War?

A strong relationship with France and the French speaking peoples of the Louisiana lands

Match the correct colonial-era writer with the text he authored:

Thomas Paine: Common Sense

Which American state allowed creditors to collect debts and seize assets aggressively during the 1780s, leading to an organized uprising led by a disgruntled war veteran that eventually spread beyond state borders?

Massachusetts

King George's Proclamation for Suppressing Rebellion and Sedition can best be described as an:

Ultimatum

Which of the following groups of people were active on the Loyalist side during the Revolutionary War?

Lord Dunmore's Ethiopian Regiment

Which of the following was achieved by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

Set the physical parameters for the future states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin

The Articles of Confederation allowed the federal government by the Confederation Congress to do all of the following EXCEPT:

Organize a national judicial (court) system

Select term and definition below that are correctly matched:

Philipsburg Proclamation: promised freedom to black slaves who joined the loyalist cause on behalf of the British

Match the correct historical personality to his respective actions:

James Bowdoin: Massachusetts governor who relied on privately-backed militias to put to riots stages by angry farmers

In February of 1778, this diplomatic development boosted the prospects of the American Patriots in their fight for independence:

A military treaty creating an alliance between France and the American Patriots

Jean Jacques Rousseau and Baron de Montesquieu were both:

French Enlightenment-era political philosophers -

This French foreign minister was involved in the XYZ Affair

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand

Alexander Hamilton's intense hatred of this New York politician led to him choosing Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1800.

Aaron Burr

John Jay's primary foreign relations achievement in the 1790s was:

Pinckney's Treaty (aka the Treaty of San Lorenzo)

Tripoli and Derna were both:

Settlements along the North African coast that were controlled by the Barbary States

The "Great Compromise" that came into effect with the final version of the Constitution included all of the following EXCEPT:

A provision allowing married women who owned property to vote in federal elections

This action by outgoing president John Adams in 1800-1801 led to a famous court case that would be decided in 1803, and affirm the American Supreme Court's power of judicial review:

The appointment of a number of federal judges

The successive presidencies of Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe became known as the:

Virginia Dynasty

All of the following pertain to conflicts between the US government and Native Americans EXCEPT:

The Battle of New Orleans

John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay were both known for:

Being "war hawks" in favor of declaring war on Britain in 1812

The Hartford Convention in 1814 was:

A meeting of New England Federalists who opposed America's fight with Britain in the War of 1812

Which of the following was NOT true about the election of 1796?

The recent passage of the Twelfth Amendment allowed Aaron Burr to compete with Thomas Jefferson in courting James Madison as his presidential running mate

This prominent Supreme Court Justice established himself as an American judicial leader by 1803, and his decisions affirmed the Supreme Court's power of judicial review:

John Marshall

This act, passed under John Adams, was believed by the Republicans to be a breach of the First Amendment (free speech and press):

The Sedition Act

Changes that could be made to the US Constitution were formally known as:

Amendments

Which of the following was NOT generally true about the Republicans?

In terms of foreign policy, they were very pro-British

The Federalists generally received most of their public support from:

New England merchants, bankers, and businessmen

All of the following were decisions undertaken by Thomas Jefferson as president EXCEPT:

The dismantling of the First Bank of the United States through an executive order

Judicial review

The power of a court to interpret the legitimacy of a law or practice

Ratification

The action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement making it officially valid

Caucus

An informal group composed of legislatures who have shared concerns or interests

Bicameral

A legislative body having two branches or chambers

This New Jersey politician proposed a plan for governance (the New Jersey Plan):

William Paterson

The process by which the different states approved the US Constitution of 1788-1789 was known as:

Ratification

The term "corsair" roughly translates as:

Pirate

Which of the following were examples of individual states taking action to refute laws passed by the federal government as unconstitutional?

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Which pairings correctly match the historical figure to his respective political positions?

James Madison: originally sided with the Federalist faction when it came to the ratification of the 1788-1789 US Constitution, but pivoted to the Republican side over disagreements with the Federalists over the national bank issue

Which pairing correctly matches the geographical location to its most accurate description?

Saint Domingue: French-controlled colony in the Caribbean that broke out into a slave revolt in 1791

Which pairing correctly matches the historical figure to his respective role in American military campaigns?

Andrew Jackson: led victory for the Americans against the British in the Battle of New Orleans

Which of the following was NOT true regarding John Quincy Adams?

He did not morally oppose slavery, but saw it as problematic because it kept poor southern whites from agricultural job opportunities

In the 1840s, Nativists were particularly suspicious of this religion group:

Roman Catholics

Which of the following Supreme Court cases dealt with interstate commerce, and its outcome affirmed the right of the federal government to have the final word in matters of commerce between different states?

Gibbons vs. Ogden

Match the correct historical figure to his correct invention: Eli Whitney

cotton gin

Match the correct historical figure to his correct invention: Cyrus McCormick

mechanical reaper

Match the correct historical figure to his correct invention: Samuel Slater

mechanical textile loom

Match the correct historical figure to his correct invention: Samuel W. Collins

iron molds

Which of the following was NOT true about Martin Van Buren?

He anonymously authored a political tract stating that if a state believed it best to nullify a federal tariff, it had the right to act in its own local interests

What was the PRIMARY cause of the Panic of 1837?

Actions by the Bank of England that cut off lines of credit and money to the US

Match the correct historical figure to his or her most accurate description:

Francis Cabot Lowell: American textile entrepreneur who helped to establish northern Massachusetts and southern New Hampshire as the epicenters of the American textile industry

This American politician from Kentucky was the chief architect of the "American System," served as secretary of state under President John Quincy Adams, and later became a founding member of the Whig Party in 1834.

Henry Clay

All of the following were goals of the "Benevolent Empire" religious groups EXCEPT:

The decriminalization and regulation of prostitution as a means to protect vulnerable women who were already involved in the sex trade

Andrew Jackson's response to the a certain state's "order of nullification" was which of the following?

Jackson issued a "Force Bill," but also lowered tariffs back to 1816 levels

The Supreme Court's decision in the 1819 case of McCulloch vs. Maryland can best be described as:

An outcome that bolstered the cause of a national bank while affirming the power of the Supreme Court to interpret the US Constitution

By modern historical standards, the removal of the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Chickasaw people from their ancestral homelands by military force leading to thousands of deaths constituted an act of:

Genocide

Which of the following happened during the presidency of James Monroe, prompting the issuance of a "doctrine" that dealt with America's status within the Western Hemisphere?

Most of Spain's Latin American colonies gained their independence

This Native American tribe continued to fight passionately against the US government throughout the 1840s, making them the only significant indigenous group that was able to remain in the southeastern US after the Indian removal measures of the 1830s.

Seminoles

Which of the following was NOT a trend in the United States during the 1810s to 20s?

Southern planters were manumitting their slaves in significant numbers due to the decreasing demand for cotton worldwide

Which two Native American tribes fell victim to the Bad Axe Massacre of 1832?

Sauk and Fox

Which of the following is an example of specie?

Silver

All of the following persons were affiliated with the Whig Party at some point EXCEPT:

Martin Van Buren

Which pairing correctly matches the location to its most accurate description?

Liberia: a territory carved out in West Africa that was designated as a place for freed African-Americans' settlement