Music History Final Exam Review

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Vocabulary flashcards summarizing key musical works, styles, instrument families, and formal terms for the final exam review.

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37 Terms

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Alleluia: Vidimus Stellam

Anonymous chant from the Mass for Epiphany; a cappella male chorus; Early Middle Ages

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As Vesta Was Descending

Thomas Weelkes madrigal from The Triumphs of Oriana; a cappella mixed vocal ensemble; Renaissance

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Dido’s Lament (from Dido and Aeneas)

Henry Purcell opera recitative and aria; female soloist with string orchestra & continuo; Baroque

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Partita BWV 825 in B-flat Major – Gigue

Johann Sebastian Bach solo harpsichord dance-suite movement; Baroque

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Eine kleine Nachtmusik, K. 525, Mov. III “Minuet and Trio”

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart string orchestra piece in ternary form; Classical

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Symphony No. 40 in G minor, Mov. I

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart orchestral work in sonata form; Classical

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Der Erlkönig

Franz Schubert through-composed art song for male soloist & piano; Romantic

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Maple Leaf Rag

Scott Joplin solo piano rag; cornerstone of Ragtime style (late Romantic/early 20th c.)

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Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Mov. IV

Ludwig van Beethoven choral-orchestral cyclical symphony movement; Romantic

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Prelude to The Afternoon of a Faun

Claude Debussy Impressionistic symphonic poem for orchestra

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Lost Your Head Blues

Bessie Smith early 20th-century classic blues; female vocalist with small combo

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It Don’t Mean a Thing (If It Ain’t Got That Swing)

Duke Ellington swing-era big-band piece featuring male soloists

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Salt Peanuts

Dizzy Gillespie bebop tune for jazz quintet; mid-20th c.

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Signs

Five Man Electrical Band 1960s rock song for rock combo

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Short Ride in a Fast Machine

John Adams minimalist symphonic poem for orchestra

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Medium

Type of performing group used in a piece (e.g., string orchestra, jazz quintet)

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Instrumental Family

Group of instruments that produce sound in the same basic manner

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Winds

Instruments that produce sound by blowing air through or across them

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Woodwinds

Wind instruments primarily made of wood (flute/piccolo are metal exceptions)

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Brass

Wind instruments made of brass (e.g., trumpet, horn, trombone, tuba)

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Strings

Instruments producing sound by vibration of stretched strings (violin, cello, etc.)

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Percussion

Instruments producing sound by striking an object or membrane

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Common Orchestral Woodwinds

Flute/Piccolo, Oboe, Clarinet, Bassoon

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Common Orchestral Brass

French horn, Trumpet, Trombone, Tuba

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Common Orchestral Strings

Violin, Viola, Cello, Double Bass, Harp

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Chant

Monophonic, unaccompanied sacred song of the early Middle Ages

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Madrigal

Secular a cappella vocal piece of the Renaissance, often polyphonic

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Opera Recitative & Aria

Alternating speech-like and lyrical sections that convey plot and emotion in Baroque opera

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Dance Suite

Baroque instrumental collection of stylized dances (e.g., Allemande, Courante, Gigue)

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Ternary Form (ABA)

Three-part musical structure with a contrasting middle section

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Sonata Form

Classical structure with Exposition, Development, and Recapitulation

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Through-Composed

Song form with continuously new music for each stanza

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Symphonic Poem

Single-movement orchestral work that illustrates a programmatic idea

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Ragtime

Late-19th/early-20th-century piano style featuring syncopated (“ragged”) rhythms

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Swing

1930s big-band jazz style characterized by strong rhythmic “swing” feel

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Bebop

1940s small-combo jazz style noted for fast tempos and complex improvisation

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Minimalism

Late-20th-century style using steady pulse, repetition, and gradual change