Hass Civics & Citizenship

What is statutory law?

Law made by parliament (elected representatives) by passing a Bill.

What is common law?

Law made by judges through decisions and precedents in court cases.

What is a "precedent" in common law?

A legal principle established by a higher court that lower courts must follow in similar cases.

What is the main purpose of Criminal Law?

To protect society and punish offenders who break laws (e.g., theft, assault).

What is the main purpose of Civil Law?

To resolve disputes between individuals/organisations and provide compensation/remedies (e.g., negligence, contracts).

How does Australian law view Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander customary law?

It is not a separate legal system, but it can be taken into account by courts (e.g., during sentencing or native title claims).

What is a young person's main responsibility when stopped by police?

To state their correct full name, address, and date of birth if legally required.

What is a young person's main right during police questioning?

The right to silence (except for name/address) and the right to have a support person or lawyer present.

Name the 5 core freedoms that enable active participation in Australian democracy.

Speech, Association, Assembly, Religion, and Movement.

What does freedom of association mean?

The right to join or form any political party, union, club, or group.

What does freedom of assembly mean?

The right to gather peacefully in public spaces (e.g., for protests or rallies).

Why are Australian democratic freedoms not absolute?

They are limited by laws to protect public safety, national security, and the rights of others (e.g., defamation laws limit free speech).