Reptiles and Bird Test

What are the four reptile types?

Lizards+snakes, crocodilians, turtles and tuataras

How do teen Komodos cover up their smell?

They put out a liquid that covers up their pheromone

What types of animals as children climb trees to get away from predators?

Young Komodos

What is special about Komodos SALIVA?

There is virulent bacteria which means disease causing.

Are Komodos venomous?

No, their saliva has bacteria in it

Among the __________ species of lizards _______ are venomous.

3800. .2

What are the 2 venomous lizards?

Gila Monster and Mexican beaded lizards

Whats the USA largest lizard?

Gila Monster

What do Gila Monster eat?

Eggs from birds nests

Gila Monsters store excess food in their________.

Tail

Whats interesting about the Gila Monsters urinary bladder?

They can recycle pee back into their blood stream

Mexican beaded lizards have what on their skin to protect them?

Little bones sticking out

What type of lizard is known as being active during night?

Mexican beaded lizards

What type of lizard warns off a predator with hissing sounds?

Mexican beaded lizards

What do Mexican beaded lizards have that cause secretion of insulin in pancreas.

Enzymes.

Can both types of venomous lizards kill someone?

No not because of the venom, but all things can technically kill you.

What is the name of the lizards that has vocal cords?

Gecko

How do Yellow-Backed spiney lizards communicate?

They go into the push up position to warn off other lizards to show dominance of the area.

What is the name of the lizard that spreads out its outer skin around the head to make a big colorful display that warns of predators?

Frillied lizards

What type of toy is the frilled lizard named after?

Bicycle lizard because of how it runs on its hind legs (found in Australia

What type of lizard squirts blood from the side of its eyes?

The Southern Desert Horned Lizard

Why does the Southern Desert Horned Lizard quirt blood from the corner of its eye?

To make it look dead and decaying. It also tastes bad.

What type of protection acts do Southern Desert Horned Lizard take to fend away predators other than "bleeding"?

Flips to show spikes

Where does the Southern Desert Horned Lizard lay eggs?

In the sand (keeps them warm)

What is the snout shape of a crocodilian?

V

What is the snout shape of Gator?

U

What teeth set does a croc show?

Both sets are shown

What teeth set does a gator show?

The upper teeth point down, which are the teeth we can see

Where do gators live?

freshwater

Where to crocs live?

Salt or freshwater

Where do crocs live?

Where it is warm all year long

Where do gators live?

North + South America

How do crocs go about laying eggs?

They dig a hole, lay the eggs, and then put the dirt back over them. Packing the dirt makes sure the eggs stay warm enough

How do gators go about laying eggs?

They lay their eggs in a whole, then use vegetation to cover up their newly laid eggs.

How do baby crocs get out of their eggs?

Using their nose

What do crocs do after their babies have hatched?

They carry them in their throat, and transport them to a area of water.

What innate ability do they have once they are born?

The ability to hunt

What sex would a gator be in a hot temperature?

Boy

What sex would a gator be in a cool temperature?

Girl

Crocs and gators are not protective. T or F?

False

What is the enzyme present that helps with the development of eggs?

TRPV4 which is a thermosensitive protein

Why does do eggs need to be at a certain temperature?

So the TRPV4 can help the eggs develop properly

What temperature for crocs and gator lead to males?

Above 93F - hot

What temperature for crocs and gator lead to females?

Under 86F - cool

Why does the depth of the nest effect the gender of the hatchlings?

The further down the eggs are the hotter they will be.

What is the "home security" for crocs?

Water Dikkop

What do Water Dikkops do?

They defend the crocs eggs from Komoto dragons who plot to eat the eggs, when unprotected.

What of the two, turtles or tortoises live on land?

Tortois

What of the two, turtles or tortoises live in water?

Turtle

What is the name of the name of the bottom shell?

Ventral: Plastron under shell

WWhat is the name of the top of the shell?

Dorsal: Carapace

What is the structure that connects the Carapace and the Plastron?

The bridge

How does the neck in turtles do into their shell?

The neck bends up

What is the first layer of the shell?

Cartilagous bones?

Thecals are the what, on turtles?

The 2nd layer of bony membrane

Scutes are?

The individual plates with patterns which can fall of

What part of the body of turtles and tortoises are made of keratin?

The Scutes (outer plates)

What part of the human body is made of keratin?

Your nails

Can turtles and tortoises feel you when you touch them?

Yes, they have never fibers in their shells

What is a Terrapin?

A type of Turtle

Where do Terrapins live?

Brackish water (East Coast)

What is the type of Terrapin that we covered in class which can be found in North Carolina?

Diamond Back Terrapin

What shape is the Carapace for tortoises?

High and domed shaped

What of the two, turtles or tortoises have short stumpy legs and feet?

Box Turtles!

Are Box Turtles, turtles?

NO

What is weird about Tortoises gender identification?

Eye colors

What color eyes for females?

Brown-ish Black

What color eyes for males?

Red Eyes

Do box turtles have good eye sight?

Nope, very bad sight

Can turtles and tortoises see when inside of the shell?

No

Whats the difference between endothermic and ectodermic animals?

Endothermic animals, like birds and mammals, generate heat internally through metabolism to maintain a constant body temperature, while ectothermic animals, like reptiles and amphibians, rely on external sources like the sun to regulate their body temperature

Are Tortoises ectotherms or endothermic?

Ectotherms

What is brackish water measured by?

Salinity

What is the salinity of brackish water measured by in units?

PPT = 1 gram of salt for every 1 leter (1,000 ml) water

Fresh water is less than_______ PPT

0.5

Salt water is_________to_________ PPT

35 to 38

What is the salinity measurement of brackish water?

0.5 - 30 PPT

What does the word Terrapin mean in Indian?

" a little turtle "

What type of animal eats Periwinkle snails?

Dimond-back Terrapin

What happens with Dimond-back Terrapins jaws when they eat Periwinkle snails?

It makes a popping noise

What is the length of male Dimond-back Terrapins?

5.5 inches

What is the length of female Dimond-back Terrapins?

11 inches

When do Dimond-back Terrapins hatch?

Autumn

Where do Dimond-back Terrapins hibernate til spring?

Mud

Why do the backs of turtles make good gliders in water?

They need to be able to swim quickly

What part of the turtles help them swim other than their shape?

Their flat feet with webbed toes

How can turtles survive in Canada?

Their heart stops pumping

What are the types of turtles that can turn off their heart while during the cold seasons?

Sliders

What type of turtle looks like a leaf?

Mata Mata Turtle or Madena (not sure) (check notes)

The Alligator snapping turtle has what on the end of its toung?

It has a weird worm stuck on a hook looking thing

Are snapping turtles dangerous?

YES

Where do Tuataras live?

New Zeland

Why are Tuataras not lizards if they look like them?

1. They don't have a tympanic membrane: They have a Quadrate to feel vibration (hole behind eyes). The Stapes bone picks up vibration.

2. Teeth are different: They have two upper rows of teeth/and a space in between the top row. Not really teeth(part of the skull). Their "teeth" wear down, leading to a diet change, and "teeth are used to cut things".

Every, how many years do males mate?

Every year

Every, how many years do females mate?

Every five years

How long does it take Tuataras for their eggs to hatch?

11-16 months

How many years for Tuataras to be sexually mature?

10-20 years

How long can Tuataras live for?

100 years

What animal has a 3rd eye?

Tuataras

What does the 3rd eye do for Tuataras?

Used for knowing when they are sexually mature, and when to mate.