Chem 1311 Exam 1 UH

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what is the SI unit for mass?

kilogram (kg)

what is the SI unit for length?

meter (m)

what is the SI unit for time?

second (s)

what is the SI unit for temperature?

kelvin (K)

what is the unit for electric current?

ampere (A)

what is the unit of measurement for the amount of substance?

mole (mol)

what is the SI unit for luminous intensity?

candela (cd)

by how much do prefixes change a unit?

by powers of 10

giga (G) increases a unit by __

10^9, 1 billion

mega (M) increase a unit by __

10^6, 1 million

kilo (k) increases a unit by __

10^3, 1 thousand

hecto (h) increases a unit by __

10^2, 1 hundred

deka (da) increases a unit by __

10, ten

deci (d) decreases a unit by __

10^-1, ten

centi ( c ) decreases a unit by __

10^-2, one hundred

mili (m) decreases a unit by __

10^-3, 1 thousand

micro (μ) decreases a unit by

10^-6, one million

nano (n) decreases a unit by

10^-9, one billionth

pico (p) decreases a unit by

10^-12, one trillion

what is 1 Mkg?

one million kilograms

what is 5ms?

5 miliseconds

what measured quantities have uncertainty?

all of them

which digits are not uncertain?

those which are not estimated

why are captive zeroes (and sometimes trailing zeroes) not considered significant?

because you can get rid of them with scientific notation

how many sigfigs in 0.0001234?

4 sig figs

how many sigfigs do exact numbers have?

infinite

12.3 × 2.002 has how many sigfigs?

3 sf

1 in. =

2.54 cm

Temperature (Kelvin) = Temperature (Celsius) + ____

273.15

Boiling point of water in Fahrenheit

212^o F

Boiling point of water in Celsius

100^oC

Boiling point of water in Kelvin

373.15 K

Freezing point of water in Fahrenheit

32^oF

Freezing point of water in Celsius

0^oC

Freezing point of water in Kelvin

273.15 K

Temperature in Fahrenheit to Celsius

T_F = ( T_C ) ^_x (9/5) + 32

Density =

mass/volume

1 cm^3 =

1 mL

density of water =

1 g/mL = 1 g/cm^3

1 mol =

6.022 × 10^23

Antoine Lavoisier

discovered Law of Conservation of Mass + nature of combustion

law of conservation of mass

matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction

Joseph Proust

Discovered the Law of Definite Proportion

law of definite proportions

every sample has the same proportions, no matter what

John Dalton

discovered Law of Multiple Proportions + put forth his Atomic Theory

law of multiple proportions

proves that matter comes in atoms

J.J. Thompson

discovered electrons/Cathode Ray Tube experiment/put forth plum-pudding atom model

Plum-pudding theory

idea that atom was majorly made of electrons

Robert Milikan

derived charge-to-mass ratio of electron, calculated mass of electron

mass of electron

9.11 × 10^-31 kg

Ernest Rutherford

discovered nucleas, Gold Foil Experiment, disproved Plum-Pudding model

Robert Boyle

first chemist to perform qualitative experiments

Dmitri Mendeleev

created the first periodic table

Amadeo Avogadro’s hypothesis

at same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of different gases contain the same number of particles

anions

negatively charged ions, formed by adding electrons

cations

positively charged ions, formed by losing electrons

(H)

Hydrogen

(He)

Helium

(Li)

Lithium

(Be)

Beryllium

(B)

Boron

(C)

Carbon

(N)

Nitrogen

(O)

Oxygen

(F)

Fluorine

(Ne)

Neon

(Na)

Sodium

(Mg)

Magnesium

(Al)

Aluminum

(Si)

Silicon

(P)

Phosphorus

(S)

Sulfur

(Cl)

Chlorine

(Ar)

Argon

(K)

Potassium

(Ca)

Calcium

(Sc)

Scandium

(Ti)

Titanium

(V)

Vanadium

(Cr)

Chromium

(Mn)

Manganese

(Fe)

Iron

(Co)

Cobalt

(Ni)

Nickel

(Cu)

Copper

(Zn)

Zinc

(Ga)

Gallium

(Ge)

Germanium

(As)

Arsenic

(Se)

Selenium

(Br)

Bromine

(Kr)

Krypton

[Monatomic Anion name] H^-

Hydride

[Monatomic Anion name] F^-

Fluoride

[Monatomic Anion name] Cl^-

Chloride

[Monatomic Anion name] Br^-

Bromide

[Monatomic Anion name] I^-

Iodide

[Monatomic Anion name] O^2-

Oxide

[Monatomic Anion name] S^2-

Sulfide

[Monatomic Anion name] N^3-

Nitride