Sincerity and Intentions in Islamic Jurisprudence

Vocabulary flashcards defining key Islamic terminology, legal concepts, named entities, and scholarly rulings from the lecture slides on sincerity and intention.

Niat (Intention)

A deliberate purpose concealed within the heart that determines the validity, acceptance, and completeness of an action in Islamic jurisprudence.

Wasilah

Preparatory acts or intermediary means of worship, such as ablution (wudhu'), dry ablution (tayammum), and ritual purification bathing (mandi wajib).

Maqshad

The primary target or direct goal of worship, such as ritual prayer (shalat), fasting (puasa), obligatory charity (zakat), and pilgrimage (haji and umrah).

View of Imams Syafi'i, Maliki, and Hanbali on Niat

The legal ruling requiring intention (niat) as a mandatory condition for all acts of worship, including both preparatory means (wasilah) and primary goals (maqshad).

View of Imam Hanafi on Niat

The legal ruling requiring intention (niat) only for primary goals of worship (maqshad), while holding that preparatory acts (wasilah) are valid without intention.

Muttafaq 'Alaih

A term denoting a Hadith whose authenticity is agreed upon unanimously and reported by both Imam Bukhari and Imam Muslim in their respective Sahih collections.

Ummu Qais

The woman for whose hand in marriage a companion migrated from Makkah to Madinah, occasioning the Prophet's statement on intentions.

Ummul Mu'minin

An honorific title meaning 'Mother of the Believers', bestowed upon all wives of Prophet Muhammad, including Sayyidah Aisyah.

Conquest of Makkah (Fathu Makkah)

The historic event after which formal migration (hijrah) from Makkah ceased to be required, as Makkah had transformed into an Islamic domain (Dar al-Islam).

Jihad Fi-sabilillah

Striving or fighting in the cause of Allah strictly to make the Word of Allah supreme, excluding motives of personal bravery, pride, or public display.

Hadith Qudsi

A category of Hadith in which Prophet Muhammad relates divine statements and decrees explicitly communicated directly from Allah.

Yanhazu

An Arabic verb in Hadith literature regarding going to the mosque, defined as 'to drive out' or 'to motivate and move' someone to leave.

Tawassul

The practice of using a valid intermediary—such as one's own righteous deeds—when supplicating to Allah for relief from distress and difficulty.

Sa'ad bin Khaulah

A companion for whom the Prophet expressed deep sorrow because he died in Makkah rather than in Madinah, thereby forfeiting the full reward of dying in the land of migration.

Furu'iyah

Secondary or non-fundamental branch issues in Islamic jurisprudence that do not touch upon primary articles of creed (akidah).