APUSH Period 4

revolution of 1800

first peaceful transfer of power from adams (federalist) to jefferson (dr)

thomas jefferson

• led jeffersonian republcians

• party of common man

• states rights

• strict interpretation of constitution

jeffersonian republicans

party favoring limited federal government and argricultlure-based society

Louisiana purchase

1803, jefferson bought land from France and doubled sized of US territory

anti jeffersonian

Lews and Clark Expedition

1804, government funded to map Louisiana territory (figure out what they bought) and establish trade with native tribes

embargo act

1807, jefferson law banning US trade with all foreign nations to avoid war

bad for american economy

war of 1812

second war for independence between US and GB over maritime rights

ended in stalemate but boosted national identity

treaty of ghent

1914, peace treaty ending war of 1812 (restored pre was boarders)

resolved no issues

hartford convention

1814, New england federalists opposing war

seen as disloyal and led to party decline by proposing things favorable to new england

era of good feelings

period of political unity under Monroe after dying of federalist party

Missouri Compromise

1820, sparked by debate of would the constitution follow the frontier

agreement that admitted missouri as a slave state and maine as a free state

banning slavery north of the 36-30 line

sectionalism

divided north and south due to difference in regional interests than national unity

comparison: north industry south agriculture, distinct labor systems/interests

Monroe doctrine

1823, foreign policy that Americans were not open to european interference

national bank

bank designed to stabilize currency and unify financial policy (symbol of federal power)

andrew jackson

symbol of the common man

expanded executive power

corrupt bargain

1824, alleged deal between Adams and Clay to secure Adams presidency in exchange for Clay becoming Secretary of State

jacksonian democracy

political movement supporting greater democracy for common man and less elite influence

continuity and change: power extended to white men but women natives and black peole still excluded

democrats

NOT THE SAME PARTY AS NOW

political party under Jackson supporting limited government and agrarian values

whigs

anti jackson

internal improvements and protective tariffs

second party system

democrats vs. whigs in 1830-1840s

tariff of abominations

1828 protective tariff tariff protecting northern industry and harming southern economy

good for north because protected from foreign competition by marking imports more expensive, bad foe south because relied on agricultural exports (cotton) and open to free trade

encouraged nullification crisis

nullification crisis

between government and South Carolina over whether states could nullify federal laws

pet banks

jackson vetoed second bank because idea that it favorited wealthy and banks held too much power

state banks chosen by jackson to receive federal deposits

specie circular

1836, executive order requiring hard currency for government land purchases (gold or silver)

led to inflation

market revolution

economic transformation shifting US from subsistence economy to industry and transportation

causation: economic shift caused urbanization and class tension

second great awakening

protestant religious revival (moral reform, social actions, salvation)

transcendentalism

reform movement emphasizing individualism and spiritual intuition over organized religion

utopian communities

settlements to create perfect societies through shared labor, property, spiritual purity

failed

(ex: shakers, brook farm)

seneca falls convention

1848, first women rights convention in new york launching mens rights movement

led by elizabeth stanton

declaration of sentiments

created by stanton mimicking jeffersons words

“all men and women are created equal”