Chapter 7: The Cardiovascular System

cardi/o

heart

my/o

muscle

auricul/o

auricle of the heart

the ear flap

vascul/o

blood vessel, tube that conveys or circulates blood

dis-

apart, away from, separation

atri/o

atrium (upper chamber of the heart)

ventricul/o

ventricle (lower chamber of the heart)

pulmon/o

lung

valvul/o

valve

necr/o

death

coron/o

crown

-emia

blood condition (usually abnormal)

isch/o

stop, keep back, suppress

tricuspid valve

right atrioventricular valve (A-V valve)

mitral valve

left atrioventricular valve (A-V valve)

bicuspid valve

ang/o

angi/o

vessel, often a blood vessel

vas/o

vessel (for blood or other fluids)

arter/o

arteri/o

artery, vessel that carries blood away from the heart

aort/o

aorta, the largest artery in the body

ven/o

vein, vessel that carries blood toward the heart

phleb/o

vein, vessel that carries blood toward the heart

-stasis

stopping, slowing, or a stable state

-rrhexis

to break, to rupture

-rrhage

excessive flow

syncope

fainting spells

rhythm/o

rhythm, regularly occurring motion

tachy-

fast

brady-

slow

electr/o

electricity

echo-

returned sound

steth/o

chest

sten/o

narrow

mega-

megal/o

large or enlarged

schler/o

hard

-centesis

surgical puncture

edem/o

swelling

-philia

phil/o

loving, or more than normal

-phobia

intense or abnormal fear

aorta

large artery that directly leaves the heart to deliver blood to the body

largest artery in the body

ascites

accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, also known as dropsy

auscultate

to evaluate by listening, usually with the aid of a stethoscope

edema

excess fluid accumulation around the cells of connective tissue

fibrillation

rapid, irregular myocardial contractions resulting in loss of a simultaneous heartbeat and pulse

infarct

a localized area of tissue that is dying or dead because of lack of blood supply

lavage

washing out a hollow organ by rinsing with fluid that is introduced to the organ and suctioned out

murmur

an atypical heart sound associated with a functional or structural valve abnormality

bpm

beats (or breaths) per minute

HR

heart rate

CVP

central venous pressure

Afib

atrial fibrillation

Vfib

ventricular fibrillation

CHF

congestive heart failure

ECG

electrocardiography

electrocardiograph

electrocardiogram

c̄ or c

with

s̄ or s

without