lecture 10: decisions, metacognition and modelling

What is the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)?

A 21-item questionnaire used to assess the severity of depression.

What hypothesis is suggested regarding mean RT increase with depression?

It is caused by distraction from intrusive task-unrelated thoughts.

What is rumination in the context of depression?

The tendency to focus passively and repetitively on one's symptoms of depression.

What are the three mental processes influenced by depression according to the summary?

Sustained attention, reaction time (RT), and focus on repetitive tasks.

What is the Default Mode Network associated with?

It is associated with the brain's activity during rest and self-referential thought.

What type of mind wandering involves spontaneous thoughts?

Spontaneous mind wandering.

What is the primary finding related to ADHD and spontaneous mind wandering?

Students diagnosed with ADHD engage more in spontaneous mind wandering than those without.

What is the drift-diffusion model used for?

To model decision-making processes by accumulating evidence over time.

What does boundary separation in decision models represent?

The amount of evidence needed to commit to a decision, linked to speed-accuracy trade-off.

What is the significance of non-decision time in reaction time measurements?

It accounts for other processing stages, such as visual and motor latencies.

What did the metanalysis by Karalunas et al. (2014) suggest about ADHD and decision-making parameters?

ADHD individuals have slower drift rates, narrower boundary separations, and faster non-decision times.