Environmental Principles Week 3 Slideshow 1

What is the definition of climate?

Climate is the average weather over time, primarily influenced by the sun.

What Greek word is the origin of 'climate' and what does it mean?

The Greek origin is 'Klima' which means 'slope of the Earth' referring to the angle to the sun.

What are the three climate zones based on sun angles?

The three climate zones are Tropic, Temperate, and Arctic.

What drives the sun-driven atmospheric system?

The Earth's surface absorbs heat from the sun, causing the air to rise and creating low-pressure zones.

What effect do mountains have on climate?

Mountains create a 'rain shadow' effect, making the windward side wetter and the leeward side drier.

What defines a microclimate?

A microclimate is the climate conditions of a small localized area.

What topographic feature affects microclimate by receiving more sunlight?

South-facing slopes receive more sunlight and warmth.

What is the effect of light-colored sand in relation to temperature?

Light-colored sand reflects heat, reducing air temperature.

What is the Urban Heat Island Effect?

The Urban Heat Island Effect occurs when dark surfaces, like asphalt, absorb heat, raising surrounding temperatures.

What is a key adaptation strategy for buildings in cold climates?

Key strategies include insulating well and minimizing air infiltration.

What is the recommended approach for buildings in hot and dry climates?

Avoid direct solar gain and promote nighttime cooling.

Why should basements be avoided in hot and humid climates?

Basements can lead to moisture issues.

What can adapt a building design to temperate climates?

Balancing strategies between hot and cold climates and incorporating flexible building envelopes.

How can climate anomalies affect regions at the same latitude?

Climate anomalies occur due to local geographical features, which can significantly influence weather conditions.

What two regions are compared as having the same latitude but different climates?

Lugano, Switzerland and Quebec.

How do large bodies of water affect nearby climate?

They moderate temperature and reduce temperature extremes.