P.E. First Semester Exam (Grade 11)
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122 Terms
What is physical fitness?
The ability of the body systems to work together efficiently
What are the five main components of physical fitness?
Cardiorespiratory endurance, Muscular strength, Muscular endurance, Flexibility, Body composition
What is cardiorespiratory endurance?
How well your heart and lungs supply oxygen during sustained activity
What is muscular strength?
The maximum force your muscles can exert
What is muscular endurance?
The ability of muscles to sustain repeated contractions over time
What is flexibility?
The range of motion available in your joints
What is body composition?
The ratio of fat to lean body mass (muscle, bone, organs)
List 3 physical health benefits of physical fitness?
Strengthens heart, lungs, and muscles
Improves circulation and lowers risk of heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension
Helps maintain healthy body weight
Enhances immune system function
Improves posture, balance, and bone strength
List 3 mental health benefits of physical fitness?
Reduces stress, anxiety, and symptoms of depression
Boosts mood through release of endorphin
Improves self-esteem and confidence
Enhances sleep quality
List 3 lifestyle and performance benefits of physical fitness.
Increases energy and productivity
Improves focus, memory, and cognitive function
Enhances sports and work performance
Promotes healthy ageing and independence in later years
What is health?
The state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
What does hydration mean?
Providing your body with enough fluids, mainly water, to function properly
List 3 reasons why water is important?
Regulates body temperature
Lubricates joints
Helps digestion and nutrient absorption
Carries oxygen and nutrients through the blood
Prevents fatigue, headaches, and poor concentration
What are three signs of good hydration?
Clear or light-yellow urine, Normal energy levels, Moist lips and skin
Give 5 signs of dehydration.
Dark yellow urine, dry mouth and skin, dizziness, fatigue, headaches, muscle cramps, heat stroke, poor concentration
What happens if dehydration is left untreated?
It can escalate to heat exhaustion or heat stroke that can be deadly
How much glasses of water should adults drink per day on average?
6-8 glasses of water per day
What is the importance of warm-ups?
They prepare the body for exercise by increasing heart rate, blood flow, and muscle temperature, which helps prevent injury and improves performance
When was basketball invented?
1891
Who invented basketball?
James Naismith
How old was James Naismith when he invented basketball?
31
Which century did basketball really grow in popularity in?
20th century
What was James Naismith’s profession and what was his nationality?
He was a teacher at YMCA (Springfield, Massachusetts) and a Canadian
The first hoops and backboards in basketball were what?
Peach baskets and wire backboards
What is the world governing body for basketball and what does it stand for?
FIBA, Fédération Internationale de Basketball
What is the body responsible for basketball in the USA and what does it stand for?
NBA, National Basketball Association
When and where did basketball become an official Olympic event?
At the Summer Games in Berlin, Germany in 1936
When was basketball introduced to The Bahamas and by who?
in 1935 by Brother Christopher Foster OSB
Who supervised the development of basketball in The Bahamas and for how long?
Father Marcian Peters (The Sporting Priest) from 1943-1950
Who was the founding president of the BABA, when was it founded and what does it stand for?
Mr. Winston “Tappy” Davis founded Bahamas Amateur Basketball Association from 1962-1963
What is the governing body for basketball in The Bahamas and what does it stand for?
BBF, Bahamas Basketball Federation
Who was the first Bahamian to play in the NBA and who was he drafted by?
Mychal Thompson, he was drafted number 1 by Portland
What is an assist?
A pass to a teammate that results in a made basket
What is the backcourt?
The part of the court furthest away from the basket, also, a team’s defensive half the court/the guards on the team
What is a blocked shot?
The successful deflection of a shot by touching part of the ball on its way to the basket and preventing a field goal
What is blocking?
The use of a defender’s body position to legally prevent an oppenent’s advance
What is a bounce pass?
A pass where the ball bounces on the floor en route to the designated player
What is charging?
An offensive foul, which occurs when an offensive player runs into a defender
What is a chest pass?
A pass from the chest between teammate where the ball doesn’t touch the ground
What is the defence?
The act of preventing the offence from scoring/the team without the ball
What is a defensive foul and the types?
A foul committed by a defensive player. There are three types: personal, technical, and flagrant fouls
What is a double dribble? What does it result in?
The act of dribbling the ball, stopping the dribble or motion of the ball, and beginning to dribble again. Results in a violation and turnover
What is double team?
When an offensive player is defended by two opposing players at once
What is dribbling?
The act of bouncing the ball up and down
What is the end line or the base line?
The boundaries on the end of the court under the basket
What is a field goal?
When the ball enters the basket from the rim during play
What is a flagrant foul?
Unnecessary or excessive contact against an opponent
What is a floor violation?
A player’s action that violates rules but does not prevent an opponent’s movement (traveling, double dribble, etc.). They are penalised by a loss in possession
What is a foul?
Actions by players which break the rules but are not floor violations. They are penalised by a change in possession or free throw opportunities
What is a free throw?
The act of shooting the ball from the marked free throw line while the remaining players line up down the key.
What is a free-throw lane?
The lane that extends from the free-throw line to below the basket. (Players must not enter this area when a free throw is being shot)
What is the free-throw line (or charity stripe)?
The line 15 feet from the basket where players shoot after being fouled
What is a half-court?
Half of the basketball court
What is half time?
The rest period between two halves of the game. Usually 5 minutes in length
What is a jump ball?
When two players tangle for possession of the ball, but neither has a clear advantage
What is a jump shot?
A field goal attempt by a player with both feet off the floor, enabling the player to shoot over the defender
What is a lay-up or lay in?
A shot taken after driving to the basket by leaping up under the basket and using one hadn to shoot the ball off the backboard
What is man-to-man (or man defence)?
The common type of defence where each defensive player is solely responsible for one offensive player
What is an offensive foul?
Any illegal contact committed by a player while his team has possession of the ball. This is a personal foul which causes the team to lose possession (however is not a team foul)
What is out of bounds?
The area outside the boundaries of the court
What is a pass?
When a player throws the ball to a teammate to advance the ball during a possession
What is palming?
A violation where a player places their hand under the ball and holds or controls it briefly during a dribble, allowing the ball to come to rest before continuing
What is a personal foul?
Contact between players which may result in excessive physical contact or provide one team with an unfair advantage (like pushing, elbowing, charging, etc.). They are counted as team fouls
What is a pivot?
A centre, also the foot that must remain touching the floor
What is possession?
To be holding or in control of the ball
What is a rebound?
A term used to describe the actual retrieving of the ball as it rebounds from the backboard or the ring after a missed shot
Who is the referee?
The person assigned to the game to maintain the flow of the game
What is the shot clock?
A clock on top of the backboard or on the scorer’s table that counts down the time in which a shot is required
What is the shot clock time for the NBA vs college?
In the NBA 24 seconds, and in college 30 seconds
What is the sideline?
The boundaries on the side of the court
What is a steal?
To take the ball away from an opponent
What is a substitute (basketball)?
A player who comes into the game to replace a player on the court
What is technical foul?
A special violation called at the discretion of the referee towards players, coaches, or the team, including intentional or flagrant contact fouls, unsportsmanlike conduct, or other actions detrimental to the spirit of the game.
What is the three-point line?
The arc around the basket where shots beyond it are worth three points
What is time-out?
A period of sixty seconds during which the play is stopped, and teams discuss strategy
What is a tip-off?
The initial jump ball that starts the game
What is the top of the key?
The area at the top of the lane, just beyond the free-throw line
What is traveling?
A violation of the rules that occurs when a player holding the ball moves one or both of their feet illegally
What is a violation?
An infringement of the rules, which does not involve contact. The opposing team is awarded the ball for a throw-in from out of bounds
What is zone defence?
A type of defence where each player is responsible for a specific area of the court
The stance a player has to get into once in possession of the ball is the _______.
triple threat
Two players from opposite teams hold the ball at the same time. The result is a _____________.
jumpball
What is the order of positions in basketball?
Point Guard
Shooting Guard
Small Forward
Power Forward
Centre
What does the point guard do?
Handle the ball the best
What does the shooting guard do?
Shoot the best
What does the small forward do?
Shoot and defend well
What does the power forward do?
Rebound and defend well
What does the centre do?
Protect the rim
Study how to label the basketball court.
Ok
Who invented softball?
George Hancock
Where was the first game of softball played?
At The Farragut Boat Club in Chicago
When was softball invented?
(November 24) 1887
What was the first bat and ball for softball?
A broom handle and a boxing glove
What was the first nationally distributed publication for baseball and when was it published?
Indoor Baseball Guide in 1887
Baseball was originally indoors. When did it turn to an outdoors game?
In the spring of 1888
When was the first set of indoor-outdoor rules published? (Softball)
In 1889
What was the original name of baseball? (Softball)
Indoor-Outdoor
When does an inning end? (Softball)
When the visiting team bats until 3 outs are made and the home team does the same
What is the strike zone? (Softball)
An area approximately the width of the home plate, from the armpits to the knees of the batter, in which the ball should be pitched
What is a ball (softball)?
The area pitched outside of the strike zone