science chapter 2

cell membrane

outer layer of a cell

cytoplasm

gelatinlike material

cell wall

a tough, rigid outer coverings that protect the cell and gives it shape

organelles

eukraryotic cells structure

nucleus

directs all cell activity and is separated for the cytoplasm by a membrane

chloroplast

green organelles in the cytoplasm

mitochondria

organelles where energy is released form breaking food into carbon dioxide and water

ribosomes

small structures

endoplasmic reticulum

extends from the nucleus to the cell membrane

glogi bodies

stacked, flatened membranes

tissue

a group of similar cells that work together to do one job

organ

a structure made up of two or more different types of tissues that work together

photosynthesis

process by which most plants, some protists, and many types of bacteria make their own food

magnitfy

to increase the size of something

cell theory

states that all organisms are made up of one or more cells the cell is the basic unit of life and all cells come from other cells

disease

a condition that results form the disruption in function of one or more of an organism’s normal processes

virus

a strand of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coating

host cell

living cell in which a virus can activly multiply or in which a virus can hide until activacted by enviormental stimuli

Lysosomes

contains digestive chemicals that help break down food molecules, cell water, and worn-out cell parts

vacuole

a membrane-bound space for temporary storage of materials. it can store waste, water, food or other cellular materials.