21, infections displayed on the skin

varicella zoster virus

causative agent of shingles

lesions on back and trunk the spread

chickenpox symptoms

shingles

what occurs following reactivation of the chicken pox virus

along infected nerve

where are shingle lesions found

airborne, coughing, sneezing, contact skin lesions

how is VZV spread

varicella zoster virus

VZV

enveloped, spherical, linear dsdna

characteristics of vzv

human alpha herpesvirus 3

what is vzv also known as

pain relief

what is treatment of shingles mainly for

upper respiratory tract

where does vzv proliferate first

t cells, leading to transient viremia

what does vzv infect after respiratory tract

reticular endothelial system and other organs

after infection t cells, where does secondary viremiainfect

keratinocytes

what does vzv infect causing skin rash and pustules

sensory root ganglia

since vzv is not eradicated, where does it migrate to

using sensory root, spreads from ganglion to target tissue

how does vzv spread during reactivation

winter and spring

when is peak vzv incidence

groups children

where do outbreaks of vzv occur the most

life attenuated

what type of vaccination is available for vzv

lesions, anitbody and pcr

what is used to diagnos vzv

antiviral drugs, acyclovir

treatment for vzv and example

muliple layers, acidic ph, phagocytic cells, rich in salt and antimicrobials

features that make it difficult to colonize skin

langerhans

ex of phagocytic cells in skin

lyzozyme, defensins

example of antimicrobials in the skin

rashes

change in colour and texture of the skin

exanthem

widespread skin rash accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever, malaise, headache

enantherms

rashes on mucous membranes

toxins,drugs, an immune response

causes of rashes or lesions

macular

flat and red, less than 1 cm in diameter

vesicular

small, fluidfilled vesicles, 5-10 mm in diameter. Larger ones classifiied as blisters

papular

small and solid elvation with no visible fluid

maculopapular

a papule that is reddened

pustular

a papule filled with pus

months

how long can pain in shingle lesions last even after healed

yes, no animal reservoir

could vzv be irradicated through vaccination

4-6

around what days does primary viremia occur

12-16

what days does secondary viremia occur

1-2 days before rash

when is shingles most contagious

measles, rubella, erythema infectiosum, roseola infantum

viral exanthems

scarlet fever, scalded skin syndrom

bacterial exanthems

morbillivirus

what causes measles

rubivirus

what causes rubella

parovirus b19

what causes erythema infectiosum

herpes simplex virus 6

what causes roseola infantum

group a streptoccous

what causes scarlet fever

staphylococcus aureus

what causes scalded skin syndrom

fever, strawberry tongue, cheek rash

symptoms scarlet fever

staphylococcal exofoliative toxins

causes scalded skin syndorme, acute epidermolysis

dermis unaffected

why does scalded skin syndrome not cuase scarring

measles, rubella

which of the four viral exanthema are there vaccines

folliculitis

common skin condition in which hair follicles become inflamed

bacterial or fungal infections

what causes follicultits

superficial folliculitis

affects the upper part of the hair follicle and the skin next to the follicle

deep folliculitis

affects the deeper portion of the follicle and can involve the entire hair follicle

bacterial folliculitis

common type marked by itchy, white, pus filled bumps cause by staphylococcus aureus, a skin commensal

hot tub folliculitis

rash of red, round, itchy bumps one to two days after exposure, pseudomonas sp.

boils, carubuncles

sudden development of painful pink or red bumps caused by staphylococcus aureaus. Carbuncle cluster of boils

excess sebum, clogged pores, release inflammatory mediators

major factors that cause acne

cutibacterium acnes

overgrowth of follicles by this that causes acne

scabies symptoms

intense itch and rash, lesions between fingers, wrists, elbows, knees or genitals, may cause burrow in skin

sarcoptes scabiei mite

what causes scabies

inflammation and damage to nerve endings

what occurs at scabies mites burrow

female deposit egg in burrows

step 1 scabies infection

larvea migrate to surface and create molting pouches

step 2 scabies

larvae molt into nymphal before adult

step 3 scabies

symtoms due to allergic reaction of mites

step 4 scabies

fertile for life

what occurs when female mite becomes pregnant once

skin to skin contact

transmission of scabies

mite killing lotion scabicides

treatment of scabies

no

can you become immune to scabies