TTU K-12 WGEO B Final Exam Prep Part 1

Phosphate

A natural resource of North Africa that is often used in fertilizers.

Algeria

The natural gas-exporting country that gained independence from France after a civil war in the mid-1900s.

Nile Delta

The location of a pumping and pipeline system that supplies freshwater across a large area.

Wadi

A streambed in the desert that is dry except during heavy rain.

Atlas Mountains

The landform that runs through Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.

Aswan Dam

The location of a large dam that controls flooding, provides hydroelectricity, and provides irrigation for about 3 million acres.

Ahaggar

A large, mountainous plateau region in the north-central Sahara.

Alluvial Soil

The fertile silt, sand, and mud deposited by a river or flowing water.

Nile Delta

The fertile area known as the birthplace of some of the earliest civilizations.

Tibesti Mountains

The landform that runs through Niger, Chad, and Libya and contains the Sahara's highest point.

Lama

A member of the Buddhist religious group that fled Tibet and settled in Bhutan.

Algae

An important food source for the marine life that literally supports the Maldives.

Tamil

An ethnic group that fought with the Sinhalese for control of Sri Lanka for nearly a thousand years.

Tropical

A climate zone found in Maldives and parts of Bhutan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka.

Sherpa

Nepal's Tibeto-Nepalese people known for their mountaineering skills.

Arctic

One of the climate zones found in Nepal and Bhutan but not Maldives or Sri Lanka.

Atoll

The primary landform of Maldives.

Coral

A fragile resource that can be killed by excessive heat.

Ghurka

Nepal's ethnic people known for their skills as soldiers.

Rubber

A hardy cash crop that thrives in hot, humid environments.

Borneo

An island in Southeast Asia that has the largest size and greatest tectonic stability of the region's many islands.

Vietnam

A country that was divided into a communist north and democratic south but is now united as a communist country.

Khmer Rouge

A brutal regime that controlled a country in the region during the 1970s and killed over 1.5 million citizens.

Singapore

One of the world's tiniest countries, at 433 square miles (697 sq. km).

Tambora

The volcano that caused 'the year without a summer' in 1815.

Cambodia

A country that struggled with internal conflict after gaining independence but that now enjoys extensive resources including offshore oil, gold, copper, iron, bauxite, and gems.

Krakatau

A volcano that exploded in 1883, killing about 36,000 people.

Philippines

A country with 7,000 islands and a year-round rainy season that was once colonized by the Spanish.

Mekong

The longest river in Southeast Asia, which runs 2,600 miles (4,200 km) and borders five countries.

Indonesia

A country that includes over 13,000 islands spread across 1,000 miles (1,609 km) of the Pacific Ocean.

What remote island is located some 1,200 miles (1,931 km) from its nearest island neighbor?

a.

Tahiti

b.

Marshall Island

c.

Samoa

d.

Easter Island

d.

Easter Island

Many traditional societies of Oceania were ________, meaning family ancestry was traced through the mother's family.

a.

matrilineal

b.

matriarchal

c.

matrilocal

d.

matrimonial

a.

matrilineal

Which Pacific island group was the first to be settled by humans?

a.

the Polynesian Islands

b.

the Micronesian Islands

c.

the Melanesian Islands

d.

the Samoan Islands

c.

the Melanesian Islands

The Nauru Agreement Concerning Cooperation in the Management of Fisheries of Common Interest aims to manage ________ populations sustainably.

a.

whale

b.

dolphin

c.

tuna

d.

salmon

c.

tuna

Why is global action to address climate change a particular concern for the low islands of the Pacific?

a.

Climate change increases the frequency and intensity of tectonic activity and tsunamis.

b.

Climate change increases the frequency and intensity of El Niño episodes.

c.

Climate change causes sea levels to rise, which causes loss of land on the islands.

d.

Climate change causes overgrowth of certain types of plankton and algae that then chokes out other life forms.

c.

Climate change causes sea levels to rise, which causes loss of land on the islands.

Oceania comprises ________ of islands.

a.

thousands

b.

hundreds

c.

dozens

d.

millions

a.

thousands

Because many islands in Oceania are isolated, they are home to many ________ species, or species found only in that location.

a.

aquatic

b.

adaptive

c.

endangered

d.

endemic

d.

endemic

Among the resources that can typically be found on low islands are ________, bananas, and seabed minerals.

a.

sugarcane

b.

coffee

c.

cocoa

d.

coconuts

d.

coconuts

On many Pacific islands that have few resources, ________ is very important to the economy.

a.

oil exploration

b.

tourism

c.

mining

d.

plantation agriculture

b.

tourism

The many islands of Oceania and their physical geography combine to make Oceania a region

a.

with a vast variety of languages and cultures.

b.

of political unity.

c.

with uniform tariff and currency policies.

d.

with high population density.

a.

with a vast variety of languages and cultures.

climate change

any significant variation in the measures of the typical weather in a region lasting for an extended period of time

Polynesia

the "many islands" that include Samoa and Tonga

high island

a type of island with mountain ranges and volcanic soils

Melanesia

the "black islands" that include Papua New Guinea and Fiji

Easter Island

an island that had undergone severe deforestation before the arrival of Europeans

Mount Waialeale

located on Kauai and one of the wettest places on Earth

low island

a type of island formed by the buildup of coral reefs on the rim of submerged volcanoes

trust territory

a dependent area that the United Nations placed under the temporary control of another country

Bikini Atoll

the site of numerous U.S. nuclear tests

Micronesia

the "little islands" that include Palau, Nauru, and Kiribati

Most rainfall in Australia is in

A.

along the coasts.

B.

the north.

C.

the south.

D.

the Outback.

B.

the north.

The climate of most of New Zealand is

A.

humid and very hot in the summer and very cold in the winter.

B.

humid and mild.

C.

dry and hot.

D.

humid and very hot year-round.

B.

humid and mild.

Aboriginal men used ________ as their primary hunting weapon.

A.

boomerangs

B.

bows and arrows

C.

spears

D.

knives

A.

boomerangs

When the Commonwealth of Australia was formed, it was a dominion. This means that it was

A.

a semi-independent country ruled by both British and Australian leaders.

B.

a semi-independent country ruled by British leaders elected by Australians.

C.

a colony of Great Britain.

D.

a self-governing country within the British Empire.

D.

a self-governing country within the British Empire.

The Stolen Generations refers to

A.

orphaned Australian and Torres Strait Islander children who were raised in orphanages operated by European missionaries.

B.

Aboriginal and Maori children who were removed from their families and placed with foster families and in boarding schools.

C.

Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children who were removed from their families between 1910 and 1971.

D.

all Aborigines, who lost their land and were marginalized by European settlement.

C.

Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children who were removed from their families between 1910 and 1971.

The populations of Australia and New Zealand

A.

have a high proportion of people ages 40 and older.

B.

are declining due to migration to other countries.

C.

are growing rapidly.

D.

have a high proportion of people ages 20 and younger.

A.

have a high proportion of people ages 40 and older.

A major cause of increased soil salinity in Australia is

A.

overgrazing.

B.

the replacement of native plants with non-native plants with shallow roots.

C.

repeated droughts.

D.

the use of water from the Great Artesian Basin for irrigation.

B.

the replacement of native plants with non-native plants with shallow roots.

A major cause of deforestation in New Zealand is

A.

droughts.

B.

clearing land for agriculture.

C.

forest fires and floods.

D.

converting forests to pastures.

B.

clearing land for agriculture.

Question 10

The mission of Caring for Our Country is to

A.

improve relations between Aborigines and Australians of European descent.

B.

foster economic development in Australia.

C.

promote free trade between Australia and New Zealand.

D.

conserve and restore Australia's environmental and natural resources.

D.

conserve and restore Australia's environmental and natural resources.

How is New Zealand addressing the issue of soil erosion?

A.

by reducing deforestation

B.

by banning logging

C.

by limiting pastureland

D.

by planting trees

D.

by planting trees

sparsely inhabited areas in Australia

Outback

an active volcano in New Zealand

Mount Ruapehu

a World Heritage Site along Australia's northeast coast

Great Barrier Reef

a source of pressurized underground water that lies beneath the lowlands

Great Artesian Basin

New Zealand's highest peak

Mount Cook

the major exports of New Zealand

dairy products and lamb

the major exports of Australia

gold and uranium

an animal introduced to Australia for hunting purposes that has become a nuisance by destroying native plants

European rabbit

an animal that is tended by graziers, or New Zealand ranchers

red deer

an environmental threat to the Great Barrier Reef

oil shale mining

One of the few environmental success stories in Southeast Asia is the agreement of all countries to protect the rain forests.

True

False

False

Farmers in Southeast Asia practice "shifting cultivation," which gives soil a break from cultivation so it can become fertile again.

True

False

True

Due to clear-cutting of rain forests, Sumatra and Borneo have very little remaining biodiversity.

True

False

False

Deforestation has the benefit of making more water available for irrigation.

True

False

False

Constructing tall buildings away from the shoreline may reduce urban air temperature and pollution.

True

False

True

Southeast Asia is a major exporter of ________, which is an ingredient in more than half of the foods found in grocery stores.

A.

peanut oil

B.

flaxseed oil

C.

palm oil

D.

coconut oil

C.

palm oil

Southeast Asian countries have begun reforesting by planting and cultivating

A.

palm and rubber trees to promote rain forest regeneration.

B.

teak and other hardwood trees that can be harvested for export.

C.

mangrove trees that grow well on the upper elevations of mountain slopes.

D.

new varieties of trees that will better withstand the harsh climate.

B.

teak and other hardwood trees that can be harvested for export.

Industrialization and economic development have led to overheated cities and surrounding areas, which are referred to as

A.

rings of fire.

B.

urban heat islands.

C.

regional hot spots.

D.

kill zones.

B.

urban heat islands.

Some fishers pollute waters when they fish with

A.

traps baited with waste.

B.

oil that clogs the gills of fish.

C.

old vessels that leak oil and emit excessive exhaust.

D.

explosives and poisons.

D.

explosives and poisons.

Deforestation results in air pollution because clearing land of trees releases

A.

dust as forest wood is cut and shredded in paper mills.

B.

smoke as forests are burned.

C.

pollen as trees are harvested during the blooming season.

D.

mold as organisms contained in the soil are disturbed.

B.

smoke as forests are burned.

A region located between powerful countries, as Southeast Asia is between India and China, can be considered both a shatter belt and a buffer zone.

a. True

b. False

Southeast Asia was colonized primarily by traders from China and India.

a. True

b. False

True

Cambodia experienced an unusually long period of peace under the Khmer Rouge regime.

a. True

b. False

b. False

Southeast Asia has both communist and democratic countries today.

a. True

b. False

a. True

Despite the extreme poverty of most Southeast Asians, unemployment in the region is extremely low.

a. True

b. False

a. True

Which five nationalities were most involved in colonizing Southeast Asia beginning in the 1500s?

A.

Dutch, British, Portuguese, French, and Spanish

B.

Indian, Chinese, British, Russian, and Japanese

C.

Spanish, Italian, Australian, Indian, and Portuguese

D.

Chinese, French, Dutch, Russian, and Swedish

A.

Dutch, British, Portuguese, French, and Spanish

Independence from colonial powers took place primarily in the

A.

1600s.

B.

1900s.

C.

1700s.

D.

1800s.

B.

1900s.

Southeast Asia's population is primarily located

A.

on the fertile volcanic islands.

B.

in the cooler mountain areas.

C.

on the less humid inland plains.

D.

on the resource-rich mainland.

A.

on the fertile volcanic islands.

Southeast Asia's population can be characterized as

A.

monocultural, with colonial influences only slightly impacting the indigenous culture of the region.

B.

very diverse, with hundreds of ethnic groups.

C.

very homogenous, with few distinct cultures and languages.

D.

bicultural, with a strong distinction between descendants of colonists and indigenous peoples.

B.

very diverse, with hundreds of ethnic groups.

Southeast Asia is a significant world trade center largely because of its

A.

vast array of mineral and agricultural resources not available elsewhere.

B.

low taxes and tariffs.

C.

location in the Pacific along major shipping routes.

D.

political and economic dominance over countries in the broader area.

C.

location in the Pacific along major shipping routes.

Tsunami

A large ocean wave caused by underwater earthquakes.

Cyclone

A weather system with strong winds and heavy rain.

Typhoon

A tropical storm in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.

Biodiversity

Variety of life in a specific habitat or ecosystem.

Shatter belt

A region caught between conflicting geopolitical forces.

Buffer zone

An area separating conflicting parties to reduce tensions.

Emerging market

A developing economy with rapid growth potential.

Free port

A port where goods can be landed and stored without duties.

Deforestation

The clearing of forests for agriculture or urban development.

Reforestation

The process of replanting trees in deforested areas.