53. Dietary prevention of cancer.

What is the most important established cause of cancer?

Tobacco smoking.

Name other factors that contribute to cancer development besides tobacco smoking.

• Diet,

• alcohol,

• physical activity,

• infections,

• hormonal factors

• radiation.

Which dietary factors have convincing evidence of increasing cancer risk?

Overweight and obesity, high consumption of alcoholic beverages, aflatoxins, salting, and fermenting fish.

What dietary factors probably protect against cancer?

Consumption of fruits and vegetables, and regular physical activity.

What is the recommended BMI range to reduce cancer risk?

18.5 - 24.9 kg/m².

What is the alcohol consumption guideline to reduce cancer risk?

No consumption or do not exceed 2 units per day.

How should Chinese-style fermented salted fish be consumed to reduce cancer risk?

In moderation.

Why should exposure to aflatoxin in foods be minimized?

Because aflatoxin is a carcinogen that increases cancer risk.

How much fruit and vegetables are recommended daily to help reduce cancer risk?

400 grams daily.

How should preserved meat be consumed to reduce cancer risk?

In moderation.

What temperature guideline is recommended for food and drink to reduce cancer risk?

Avoid consuming foods or drinks when they are at a very hot temperature.