Chemistry-Redox

titration

Acidified potassium permanganate (KMnO4)

Oxidising agent

Acidified potassium dichromate (k2cr2o7)

Oxidising agent

Acidified hydrogen peroxide (h2o2)

oxidising agent

Oxalic acid dihydrate (H2C2O4.2H2o)

reducing agent

Ammonium iron (II) sulfate hexahydrate

(NH4)2SO4.FeSO4.6H2o

reducing agent

Hydrogen peroxide h2o2

reducing agent

Sodium oxalate Na2C2O4

reducing agent

Iodine

oxidising agent

a amino acids

• amine

• carboxylic acid functional group (carboxyl)

• Attached to the same carbon (alpha carbon)

Peptide bond

A peptide bond is the amide linkage formed between the carbonyl carbon of one amino acid and the nitrogen of another amino group

Peptide link

an amide/peptide link forms between COOH group of one molecule and NH2 group of another molecule

Primary structure of protein

Unique sequence of a-amino acids that make up a polypeptide chain

• held together by covalent bonds (peptide bonds)

• The sequence determines the proteins 3D shape which leads to the protein function

• Peptide bonds are created by enzyme catalysed condensation reactions and broken down by enzyme catalysed hydrolysis reactions

Secondary structure of protein

The result from hydrogen bonding between the polar -NH group (amide) of a peptide link and the polar -C=O group (carbonyl) in another peptide link at regular intervals

1. alpha helix structure

   the hydrogen bond between the carbonyl O group of one

2. beta pleated sheets

tertiary structure of protein

determines the 3D shape of the protein influenced by the predominant forces of the side