APUSH Chapters 1-3 **Updated**

Indigenous tribes

Native groups with distinct cultures and lifestyles.

Three Sisters Farming

Agricultural technique using maize, beans, and squash.

Iroquois Confederation

Political alliance of northeastern tribes for defense.

Columbian Exchange

Cultural and biological exchange between Old and New Worlds.

Encomienda System

Spanish labor system exploiting Indigenous peoples.

Salutary Neglect

British policy allowing colonies self-governance until 1754.

Albany Plan of Union

1754 proposal for colonial defense cooperation.

Mercantilism

Economic theory prioritizing trade for national profit.

Stamp Act

1765 law imposing direct taxes on printed materials.

Boston Tea Party

1773 protest against British tea monopoly.

Intolerable Acts

1774 punitive laws against Massachusetts after Boston Tea Party.

First Continental Congress

1774 meeting to address Intolerable Acts.

Common Sense

Pamphlet advocating independence from Britain by Thomas Paine.

Battle of Saratoga

Turning point in the Revolutionary War, 1777.

Articles of Confederation

First governing document of the United States.

Shay's Rebellion

1786 uprising against economic injustices in Massachusetts.

Constitutional Convention

1787 meeting to address weaknesses of Articles.

Virginia Plan

Proposal for representation based on state population.

New Jersey Plan

Proposal for equal representation for all states.

Connecticut Compromise

Bicameral legislature balancing state representation.

Federalists

Supporters of a strong central government.

Anti-Federalists

Opponents fearing excessive government power.

Separation of Powers

Division of government into legislative, executive, judicial branches.

Hamilton's Financial Plan

Policies for national debt and economic stability.

Whiskey Rebellion

1794 revolt against whiskey tax by farmers.

Washington's Farewell Address

Warning against political parties and foreign alliances.

Louisiana Purchase

1803 acquisition of territory from France.

Battle of Yorktown

Final major battle of the Revolutionary War.

Proclamation of 1763

British decree limiting colonial expansion westward.

Treaty of Paris 1783

Agreement ending the Revolutionary War.