Bleeding and Soft-Tissue Trauma

Practice flashcards covering bleeding control, soft-tissue injuries, and shock based on the Prehospital Emergency Care 12th Ed. Chapter 28 curriculum.

When encountering a patient with severe bleeding, what is the first step an EMT should take?

Use appropriate Standard Precautions.

How are open wounds described when flaps of skin and tissue are torn loose with only a small part of the tissue still attached to the body?

Avulsions.

Approximately how many liters of total blood volume does an average adult weighing $154$ pounds have?

$4-5\,L$.

What name is given to the type of shock most commonly caused by profound blood or fluid loss?

Hypovolemic shock.

What percentage of blood volume can the average adult weighing $154$ pounds lose before obvious signs of shock occur?

$15\%$ percent.

If direct pressure is not effective for a lower extremity bleed, what is the next step in bleeding control?

A tourniquet.

What is the medical term for a nosebleed?

Epistaxis.

Among increased respiratory rate, increased pulse rate, and decreased blood pressure, which sign of hemorrhagic shock occurs latest?

Decreased blood pressure.

What is the term for an injury caused by scraping, rubbing, or shearing away of the skin?

Abrasion.

What are the three layers that compose the skin?

Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer.

When applying an occlusive dressing to a chest wound, how many sides should be secured?

Three.

What is one specific treatment action that must NOT be done when managing exposed internal abdominal organs?

Placing the organs back into the opening.

Under what two specific conditions should an impaled object be removed in the field?

If it is impaled completely through the cheek or in the neck with obvious obstruction of airflow through the trachea.

How does a low body temperature affect the physiological process of clotting?

It may make the clotting process slower and less effective.

What are the four types of bandages listed for soft tissue trauma?

Self-adhering bandage, gauze roll, triangular bandage, or air splint.