Anatomy and Medical Basics: Sepsis, Abdomen, Pelvis, and Serosa (Chapter 1-6)

Vocabulary flashcards covering sepsis, kidney failure, and key abdominal/pelvic anatomy concepts including serosa, peritoneum, mesentery, and related structures.

Sepsis

A systemic bloodstream infection causing widespread inflammation and potential organ damage (e.g., kidneys).

End-stage renal failure (Stage 5 CKD)

Final stage of kidney disease characterized by kidney failure, often requiring dialysis and possible transplant.

Dialysis

Medical filtration of the blood to remove waste when kidneys can no longer do so.

Transplant list

Waiting list for receiving an organ transplant.

Fluid in/out monitoring

Tracking intake and output to assess kidney function and fluid balance.

Urinary tract infection risk by sex

Bladder infections are more common in females due to a shorter urethra.

Superficial injection

Injection into the surface tissues (skin) rather than into muscle.

Intramuscular injection

Injection delivered directly into muscle tissue.

Distal

Farther from the point of attachment or origin (e.g., fingers distal to the shoulder).

Proximal

Closer to the point of attachment or origin (e.g., shoulder proximal to the elbow).

Sagittal plane

A vertical plane that divides the body into right and left portions.

Midsagittal plane

A sagittal plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves.

Parasagittal plane

A sagittal plane parallel to the midsagittal plane but offset from the midline, dividing the body into unequal right and left portions.

Visceral serosa

The serous membrane that surrounds and covers an individual organ (the viscera).

Parietal serosa

The serous membrane that lines the walls of a body cavity.

Peritoneum

The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and enveloping abdominal organs.

Mesentery

A fold of the peritoneum that attaches the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, and spleen to the posterior abdominal wall, acting as an anchor.

Abdominal cavity

The space within the abdomen housing most digestive organs; lined by peritoneum.

Pelvic cavity

The space within the pelvis housing pelvic organs; lined by peritoneum.

Greater omentum

A large peritoneal fold extending from the stomach and draping over the intestines, containing fat and immune tissue.

Lesser omentum

Peritoneal fold connecting the liver to the stomach and duodenum.

Pleural cavity

The thin potential space around the lungs within the thoracic cavity.

Surfactant

Lipid-protein fluid in the lungs that reduces surface tension to aid inflation.

Serous fluid

Lubricating fluid between a pair of serous membranes to reduce friction.

Referred pain in myocardial infarction

Heart attack pain can be felt in the left shoulder or left jaw, not just the chest.