Nucleic Acids - CK12 1.14

Vocabulary flashcards based on the CK12 1.14 lesson transcript on nucleic acids, covering DNA, RNA, nucleotides, and protein synthesis.

Two Important Nucleic Acids

DNA and RNA.

Nucleotides

The monomers of nucleic acids.

DNA

A nucleic acid that consists of two polynucleotide chains.

RNA

A nucleic acid that consists of one polynucleotide chain.

Components of a Nucleotide

Sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base.

Sugar-Phosphate Backbone

A structure formed when sugar binds to the phosphate group of the next nucleotide, alternating to form the backbone of the nucleotide chain.

Nitrogen Bases of DNA

Adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Genetic Instructions of DNA

Contains the correct sequence of amino acids in proteins.

Role of RNA

Uses the information in DNA to assemble the correct amino acids and help make the protein.

DNA Inheritance

Information in DNA is passed from parent cells to daughter cells whenever cells divide.