| Specimen Collection of Histopathologic Specimens

- Biopsy

- Autopsy

Specimens for histopathologic examinations can only come from

• Health history

• History of the lesion

• Clinical examination

• Radiographic examination

• Laboratory investigation

• Biopsy

EXAMINATION & DIAGNOSTIC METHODS

Biopsy

the removal of tissue from a living

individual for the purpose of diagnostic

examination.

2 weeks

Indications for BIOPSY:

Any lesion that persists for more than ____ with no apparent etiologic basis

10 to 14 days

Indications for BIOPSY:

Any inflammatory lesion that does not respond to local treatment after ____.

hyperkeratotic

Indications for BIOPSY:

Persistent ___ changes in

surface tissues.

visible or palpable

Indications for BIOPSY:

Any persistent lump, either ____ or ____ beneath relatively normal tissue.

long periods

Indications for BIOPSY:

Inflammatory changes of unknown cause that persist for ____

local function

Indications for BIOPSY:

Lesion that interfere with ___

malignancy

Indications for BIOPSY:

Any lesion that has the characteristics of ____

• Erythroplasia

• Ulceration

• Duration

• Growth rate

• Bleeding

• Fixation

Characteristics of Lesions that Raise the Suspicion of

Malignancy

Erythroplasia

- lesion is totally red or has a speckled red appearance

Ulceration

- lesion is ulcerated or presents as an ulcer

Duration

- lesion has persisted for more than two weeks

Growth rate

- lesion exhibits rapid growth

Bleeding

lesion bleeds on gentle manipulation

Fixation

lesion feels attached to adjacent structures

1. excisional biopsy

2. incisional biopsy

3. endoscopic biopsy

4. colposcopic biopsy

5. punch biopsy

6. fine needle aspiration biopsy

7. shave biopsy

TYPES OF BIOPSY

Excisional Biopsy

Removal of the entire lesion

benign

Indication for excisional biopsy: smaller lesions that, on clinical examination, appear to be ___.

Principle of excisional biopsy

the entire lesion, along with 2-3 mm of normal-appearing surrounding tissue, is excised

Incisional Biopsy

An incisional biopsy is a biopsy that

samples only a particular portion or

representative part of a lesion.

a. Tumors or lesions with extensive size

b. Hazardous location

c. Greatly suspicious of malignancy

3 Indication for incisional biopsy

Principle of incisional biopsy

a. Representative areas of lesion should be incised in wedge fashion

b. Selected in an area that shows complete tissue change

Endoscopic Biopsy

the most commonly performed type of biopsy.

Endoscopic Biopsy

done through a fiber optic endoscope the doctor inserts into the gastrointestinal tract, urinary bladder, abdominal cavity, joint cavity, mid-portion of the chest, or trachea and bronchial system, either through a natural body orifice or a small surgical incision.

alimentary tract endoscopy

gastrointestinal tract

cystoscopy

urinary bladder

laparoscopy

abdominal cavity

arthroscopy

joint cavity

mediastinoscopy

mid-portion of the chest

laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy

trachea and bronchial system