Human Impacts on Chesapeake Bay

Human Impacts on Chesapeake Bay

Nutrient pollution, especially from nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), is a big problem for the Chesapeake Bay. Here’s what happens

Algae Blooms

When there’s too much nitrogen and phosphorus, it makes a lot of algae grow quickly in the water

Less Sunlight

The algae can block sunlight from reaching underwater plants, causing them to die

Low Oxygen

Low Oxygen

When the dead plants break down, bacteria use up the oxygen in the water. This can lead to low oxygen levels, or "hypoxia," which creates areas called dead zones where fish and other animals can’t survive

Where the Nutrients Come From

Sewage Treatment

Waste from people can add nitrogen and phosphorus to the water

Animal Waste

Large farms with lots of animals can also contribute waste that adds nutrients

Fertilizers

Chemicals from farms and lawns can wash into the water

Other Pollutants

Endocrine Disruptors

Some pollutants from sewage can affect the hormones of animals

Sediment Pollution

Things like cutting down trees or building cities can wash dirt into the water, making it muddy. This makes it harder for plants to get sunlight and can cover up homes for fish