AQA Combined Science Higher - Biology: Organisation
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31 Terms
In what order makes up an organ system
Cells, Tissues, Organs and Organ Systems.
What two things can denature the active site of an enzyme?
PH and Temperature.
What enzyme breaks down proteins and what is proteins broken down into?
Protease, Amino Acids.
What enzyme breaks down carbohydrates and what are carbohydrates broken down into?
Amylase, Maltose and other sugars.
What enzyme breaks down fats and what are fats broken down into?
Lipase, Glycerol and fatty acids.
Where all digestive enzymes produced?
Small Intestine and Pancreas.
What does bile do?
Neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats.
What acid is found in the stomach and why is it needed?
Hydrochloric acid, to kill bacteria and for the right PH for protease to work.
Where is bile stored?
Gallbladder.
Where are the lungs located?
The Thorax.
What is the purpose of alveoli?
Gas Exchange (diffusion oxygen diffuses out of it).
Why is the human heart referred to as a double circulatory system?
As the blood travels through the heart twice.
Name the 4 chambers in the heart.
Left and Right Ventricles, Left and Right Atriums.
Where is the pacemaker located?
Right atrium.
What is the point of a valve in a heart?
To stop blood from flowing backwards.
Why do arteries have thick walls?
To withstand the high pressure within them.
How thick is a capillary wall?
one cell thick (so diffusion can take place).
What do red blood cells carry?
Oxygen.
What are platelets?
Parts of the blood that help it clot.
What is plamsa?
The part of the blood that carries everything.
What are stents?
A balloon like tube which widens the space in an artery.
What are statins?
Tablets that reduce the amount of bad cholesterol in the blood.
Cancer is caused by...
Unwanted cell growth and division.
What is the palisade mesophyll?
the part in a plant where photosynthesis occurs.
What is the spongy mesophyll?
contains big air spaces that allow gases to diffuse.
What is the meristem tissue?
Where plant stem cells can be found.
What is the upper and lower epidermis?
A clear layer to reduce water loss.
When do the stomata close?
At night.
What is transpiration?
The loss of water from a plant.
What is transpiration caused by?
The evaporation and diffusion of water from a plants surface.
Rates effecting transpiration are...
Light Intensity, Temperature, Air Flow and Humidity.