jcjc Personal and community heath final exam

Which of the following individual choices has a major effect on both current health and projected life expectancy?

Smoking

The medical model of health would most likely focus on which of the following>

Treating bacterial infections with antibiotics

The number of years a person is anticipated to live based on conditions at their time of birth is

life Expectancy

Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically?

Stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties

What is the leading cause of death in the US?

heart disease

Heart disease, cancer, and diabetes are examples of

Chronic disease

Since the early 20th century, the life expectancy of Americans has

increased by more than 30 years

Life expectancy 100 years ago was largely determined by

Susceptibility to infectious disease

The term health is often interchangeable with the term

Wellness

Jerome eats healthy foods, exercises regularly, gets eight hours of sleep each night, and rarely becomes ill. His ability to ward off illness is related to which dimension of health?

Physical

Jasmine has many friends, is respected by her coworkers, and maintains a great relationship with her boyfriend. Her ability to interact with others exemplifies which dimension of health?

Social

Rashid volunteers weekly to help pick up trash in his neighborhood. This action contributes to improving which dimension of his health?

Environmental

which of the following best describes emotional health?

Ability to express or control feelings

Which of the following best describes spiritual health?

Possessing and expressing a purpose in life

The first step in modifying your health behavior to achieve overall wellness is to

become aware of individual behaviors that contribute to or detract from your health.

The range of factors that influence a person's health status are known as

determinants of health

Determinants of health include

personal, social, economic, and environmental factors

Which of the following methods is an example of successful lifestyle change?

Beginning a dail

Jackson made a goal to quit smoking by the end of the year through a lot of hard work and willpower. When he achieved this goal, he bought himself a new car. This is an example of

Positive reinforcement

Mark is a junior in college and plans to move to his own apartment before his senior year. He hopes to quit drinking, get more sleep, and spend more time exercising and studying instead of spending so much of his free time on Facebook. The best plan for Mark to succeed is for him to

Select the most important behavior to change and take things one step at a time

Which of the following factors would be considered a non modifiable determinant of health?

Genetics

Poor housing, lack of funds for adequate food and clothes, and insecure employment are which type of factors that negatively affect human health?

Economic

Maria's husband has agreed to join her in an exercise program. They've scheduled times to meet to run at a local park. This is an example of

Social support

Agents in the physical environment that can be harmful to health include which of the following?

Toxins

Which of the following group of actions would most likely reduce a person's risk of premature death?

NOT smoking, avoiding junk foods, and maintaining a healthy weight

Heath disparities are difference in the levels of health and disease among specific population groups, such as the low-income or uninsured.

true

More people across all age groups die from cancer than any other chronic disease.

False

Daily choices influence an individual's health status and well-being.

True

According to morbidity and mortality statistics, in the 21st century, a person is more likely to die from an infectious disease rather than from a chronic disease.

False

The average life expectancy for American child born in 2014 is 78.5 years

True

Obesity creates a burden on the overall U.S. economy.

True

Life expectancy may decline in coming years due to the prevalence of obesity and sedentary lifestyles.

True

Today, the concept of adaptability is a key element in the overall definition of health.

True

Positive reinforcement are punishments for not accomplishing goals

False

Spiritual health encompasses more than simply religious beliefs.

True

Attaining the optimal level of well-being for your unique limitations and strengths is known as wellness.

True

Healthy people 2020 is the Surgeon General's health promotion plan to improve the quality of life and years of life for all Americans.

True

Global warming, decreased water supplies, and toxic chemicals are serious health threats with far-reaching effects worldwide.

True

Economic status and geographic location have very little influence on a person's health status.

False

Obesity, sedentary lifestyles, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and illegal drug use result in direct and indirect costs to society.

True

The term psychology health encompasses which four dimensions of health?

Mental, emotional, social, and spiritual

People who feel good about themselves, deal effectively with life's challenges, and have positive social relationships are known as

Psychologically healthy

Self-actualization can best be described as a sense of

Creativity and fulfillment of potential

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, an individual's

Basic survival needs must be met before he or she can address more complex needs.

A family situation in which there is violence; physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; parental discord; or other negative interactions

may psychologically damage family members

According to Maslow's hierarchy, human needs are ranked in the following ascending order:

Survival, security, social, esteem, self-actualization

Studies suggest that happiness may

reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease.

Which of the following is the most common mood disorder?

Major depression

Erin is concerned because she has been feeling discouraged by her circumstances and is experiencing feelings of guilt, worthlessness, sadness, and despair. Based on her symptoms, which of the following conditions would be a likely diagnosis?

Depression

Which type of anxiety disorder occurs after a violent or extremely negative event and can cause acute anxiety or nervousness, nightmares, flashbacks, insomnia, and a state of dissociation?

Post-traumatic stress diorder

Lizbet seems to be on an emotional roller coaster. Her moods swing from one extreme to another, from a euphoric high to major depression. Lisa is most likely suffering from

bipolar disorder

Which statement is true about depression in men

Suicide rates among depressed men are four time those of depressed women

Which of the following is an anxiety disorder that involves an irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation?

Phobia

Heather is always tired, tense, and irritable. She has difficulty concentrating on routine tasks and trouble sleeping. She's had these symptoms for the last six months. Her behavior is most characteristic of

Generalized anxiety disorder

Ana suffers from a persistent and unreasonable fear of snakes, she panics even if she sees the image of a snake on televisions. Ana is most likely suffering from a(n)

Phobia

Which of the following is most characteristic of anxiety disorder?

Persistent feelings of threat and worry

Seasonal affective disorder is associated with

Reduced exposure to sunlight

Michael experiences hallucinations and erratic changes in his behaviors, movements, and emotions. He has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following has the best potential to help him lead a normal life?

Medication and psychotherapy

Which of the following statement about schizophrenia is true?

It is a biological of the brain.

Which of the following statements about suicide is true?

College students are more likely to attempt suicide than the general population

Which of the following personality disorders involves a deep mistrust of others and secretiveness?

Paranoid personality disorder

Approximately how many Americans seek help from mental health professionals at some point in their lives?

6-7%

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, failure to meet one of the lower-level needs will not interfere with a person's ability to reach self-actualization.

False

A person's social and intellectual health are unaffected y emotional health.

False

Resiliency is a personality trait that is unrelated to psychological health.

False

Intensified feelings or complex patterns of feelings that we experience are known as

emotions

Self-esteem includes taking pride in your accomplishments

True

A person who experiences persistent emotional states such as sadness of hopelessness may be suffering from an acute mood disorder.

True

Happiness can be enhanced by practicing positive self-talk.

True

Depression is the most common anxiety disorder.

False

A school examination is an example of a(n)

stressor

The physiological state in which the body's systems are functioning normally is known as

Homeostasis

An example of an event that is likely to be associated with eustress is

getting a promotion at work

Debilitating tension and strain are associated with negative stress, also known as

distress

The reaction that occurs in our bodies when we perceive danger is the

Fight or fight response

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response experienced in response to a stressor?

Sympathetic nervous system