Exam 1 CCs

"Broken Back"

compressed or fractured vertebral bodies

Kyphosis

increase in the curve of the thoratic spine

Lordosis

An increase in the curve of the lumbar spine

lamiectomy

a surgical operation to remove the back of one or more vertebrae, usually to give access to the spinal cord or to relieve pressure on nerves.

Maxillofacial Fractures

involve the bones of the viscerocranium (facial skeleton)

Median Sternotomy

an incision through the midline of the sternum allowing surgical access to the organs in the thoracic cavity

Osteoporosis

loss of bone density causing weak and brittle bones.

Rib Resection

removal of part of a rib in order to gain surgical access to the thoracic cavity

Scoliosis

abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Spina Bifida

a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it

Spinal Fusion

a technique to immobilize part of the spine by joining together (fusing) two or more vertebrae

Ankle Sprains

caused by excessive stretching or tearing of ligaments associated with the talocrural joint

Broken Hip

term used for a fracture of the femur at the hip joint

Dislocation

Displacement of a bone from a joint

Knee Injuries

are common because the knee joint is the largest and most superficial joint in the body and because of the twisting and jolting that occurs while the joint is bearing the weight of the body, especially as occurs in contact sports or when the person is obese.

Torn meniscus

tear of the cartilage pad of the knee because of an injury

Cruciate and Collateral ligament tears

The ACL is the most commonly damaged by sudden twisting or change in body direction while the knee is planted on the floor

Unhappy Triad

ACL, MCL, medial meniscus tear

Osgood-Schlatter disease

inflammation or irritation of the tibia at its point of attachment with the patellar tendon

Prolapsed Disc

a deviation of the nucleus pulposus due to degeneration of the annulus fibrosus, often in the lumbar region

Shoulder Seperation

injury in which the clavicle separates from the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint

Bells Palsy

paralysis of the facial nerve, causing muscular weakness in one side of the face.

compartment syndrome

serious situation where pressure rises to dangerous levels within enclosed spaces in the limbs that contain muscle groups.

Kegal exercises

a series of pelvic muscle exercises used to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor

Muscular dystrophy

group of hereditary diseases characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness

Muscle strains

Stretch, tear or rip to muscle or adjacent tissue

Shin splints

refers to pain around the "shin bone" due to microscopic tears in the muscles fascicles of the tibialis anterior where it attaches to the tibia

Tendinosis

damage to a muscle tendon at the microscopic level where collagen bundles are torn and disrupted