Music Appreciation Test 3

Who was known as the "Sun King" and helped make Ballet popular in France?

King Louis XIV

Which composer worked for King Louis XIV and helped develop the French Overture?

Jean-Baptiste Lully

Who was the Italian violin virtuoso known for developing the Concerto Grosso?

Arcangelo Corelli

What is the difference between the Concertino and the Ripieno in a Concerto Grosso?

Concertino = small solo group; Ripieno = larger accompanying group

Who composed The Four Seasons and was known for virtuosic solo concertos?

Antonio Vivaldi

Who was the English composer known for using harmonic chord sequences and the Circle of Fifths?

Henry Purcell

Who was the Italian Catholic priest and composer of Miserere Mei Deus?

Gregorio Allegri

Which composer was central to German Lutheran music and wrote the Toccata & Fugue in D Minor?

Johann Sebastian Bach

Who invented the piano, and in what year?

Bartolomeo Cristofori, 1700

Which composer wrote The Messiah and Hallelujah Chorus and was associated with England?

George Frideric Handel

In which city did Handel become successful after arriving in 1710?

London

Which form replaced Opera Seria as it became less popular?

The Oratorio

What was the title of Handel’s famous Oratorio that premiered in Dublin?

The Messiah

What time period does the Baroque Era cover?

1600–1750

What is an Overture?

A musical introduction to a larger work such as a ballet or opera

What is a Fugue?

A composition where themes are repeated or imitated by successive voices

What does “Equal Temperament” mean?

A tuning system dividing the octave into 12 equal semitones

What is “Harmonic Progression”?

The logical movement from one chord to another following accepted rules

What’s the difference between a Harpsichord and a Piano?

The piano can change dynamics (loud/soft), the harpsichord cannot

Before 1700, who controlled most musical arts?

The Church and the State

By 1750, what became a public musical event?

Opera

What are Bach’s large religious musical works called?

Passions (e.g., St. Matthew Passion)

What is the relationship between Bach and Handel’s music focus?

Bach = Sacred, Handel = Secular

Who was known as the “Father of the Symphony” and worked under the Esterházy family?

Joseph Haydn

What was the Patronage System?

A system where musicians were financially supported by noble families or the church

What movement in Haydn’s career marked his freedom from court life?

His move to London in 1791

How many London Symphonies did Haydn compose?

12

What is the title of Haydn’s 1798 oratorio inspired by the Bible?

The Creation

Who composed the German national anthem (Deutschlandlied, 1797)?

Joseph Haydn

Who was Mozart’s father and sister?

Leopold (father) and Nannerl (sister)

Where was Mozart born?

Salzburg, Austria

At what age did Mozart begin playing piano and violin?

Piano at age 3; Violin at age 4

Which two composers are often compared for their lives and approaches to music?

Mozart and Beethoven

What musical movement was characterized by emotion and drama in Haydn’s works?

Sturm und Drang (Storm and Stress)

What replaced the dominance of the Church and State during the Classical period?

Rise of free-lance artists and public concerts

Which country became the main musical center during the Classical period?

Austria (especially Vienna)

Which country had the most money for the arts during the Baroque period?

England

Who were the Castrati, and who was the most famous one?

Male singers castrated for high vocal range; Farinelli

What challenge did Beethoven face later in life?

Deafness

What marked the shift from the Baroque to Classical musical ideals?

From ornate and complex to balanced, clear, and structured music