French Revolution/ Napoleonic wars

Arthur Wellesley

Defeated Napoleon at Waterloo and came to the aid when Portugal was invaded by the British in the peninsular War.

Battle of Austerlitz

Fought between Napoleon's Grande Armee and the combined forces of Russia's Tsar Alexander I and the Holy Roman Emperor Francis II. Considered Napoleon's greatest victory.

Battle of Leipzig

(Battle of Nations) included troops from Austria, Russia, Sweden, and some Germanic States vs. France largest battle in European history and major defeat for Napoleon.

Battle of Trafalgar

Naval battle fought between the British and the combined naval forces of France and Spain. Britain was led by Horatio Nelson. The British won and ended any chance of Napoleon invading Britain.

Battle of Waterloo

Battle between Napoleon and the British were led by the Duke of Wellington and the Prussians led by General Blucher Napoleon was defeated and forced to retreat and would be sent to exile at St. Helena where he died.

Committee of Public Safety

Created to deal with threats to France was made of 12 men that were given absolute power to save the revolution. Led by Maximilien Robespierre and would do whatever to accomplish their goals.

Congress of Vienna

A meeting of European statesmen headed by the Austrian Klemens Von Metternich to create a lasting peace in Europe. Prussia, Russia, and Austria would gain territory to balance out the powers of Europe. The kingdom of Netherland and the State of Belgium were also created.

Continental System

Was a mean to cut off all trade to Britain and Continental Europe since Napoleon couldn't invade Britain he hoped to crush the economically.

Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

French Revolution document that outlined what the National Assembly considered to be the natural rights of all people and the rights that they possessed as citizens

Directory

A 5 man directory and 2 house legislature would hold power until 1799 were unable to fix economic issues and feared giving the people too much power. Generally considered a failure.

Estates General

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Representatives from the various Estates would meet and discuss problems facing the nation and attempt to reach a solution. Third Estate was angry because they were often outvoted by the 1st.

guerrilla warfare

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A way of fighting using any means necessary was used during the Peninsular war.

Horatio Nelson

Led the British in the Battle of Trafalgar in his victory saved Britain from being invaded by Napoleon he was shot during the battle and died shortly after.

Hundred Days

Napoleon marched towards Paris and along the way 130,000 veterans would join him and was one of the best forces he would command. The member States each contributed 150,000 men to defeat Napoleon and put an end to his reign.

Jacobins

A Radical Political club led by Maximilien Robespierre and dominated the National Convention and ruled France during the reign of terror wanted to abolish the monarchy, titles of nobility, and erase all traces of the old order.

Klemens von Metternich

Headed the congress of Vienna a meeting of European statesmen.

Louis XVI

Sent aid to the American colonies in their fight against the British and ruled during the Napoleonic Wars.

Maximilien Robespierre

Led the Jacobins during the reign of terror and would use whatever means necessary to accomplish their goals.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Became ruler of France and led the French army into many battles known as the Napoleonic wars.

National Assembly

The Third Estate declares that they will draft a constitution and swore to meet wherever they can until they have established a just and sound constitution.

Reign of Terror

Enemies of the Revolution would be executed and enemies of the Jacobins would also be executed.

Tennis Court Oath

Third Estate declares itself the National Assembly and declares they will draft a new constitution. They meet on a tennis court because their original meeting place had been closed.

Peninsular War

Fought between France and the alliance of Spain Britain and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula.