APUSH Chapter 14 Keyterms

The Age of Reason

The Age of Reason

Thomas Paine's anticlerical treatise that accused churches of seeking to acquire 'power and profit' and to 'enslave mankind.'

Deism

Eighteenth-century religious doctrine that emphasized reasoned moral behavior and the scientific pursuit of knowledge.

Second Great Awakening

Religious revival characterized by emotional mass 'camp meetings' and widespread conversion.

Burned-Over District

Popular name for western New York, a region particularly swept up in the religious fervor of the Second Great Awakening.

Mormons

Religious followers of Joseph Smith, who founded a communal, oligarchic religious order in the 1830s.

lyceum

Public lecture hall that hosted speakers on topics ranging from science to moral philosophy.

American Temperance Society

Founded in Boston in 1826 as part of a growing effort of nineteenth-century reformers to limit alcohol consumption.

Maine Law of 1851

Prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcohol.

Woman's Rights Convention at Seneca Falls

Gathering of feminist activists in Seneca Falls, New York, where Elizabeth Cady Stanton read her 'Declaration of Sentiments.'

New Harmony

Communal society of around one thousand members, established in New Harmony, Indiana, by Robert Owen.

Brook Farm

Transcendentalist commune founded by a group of intellectuals, who emphasized living plainly while pursuing the life of the mind.

Oneida Community

One of the more radical utopian communities established in the nineteenth century, it advocated 'free love,' birth control, and eugenics.

Shakers

Called 'Shakers' for their lively dance worship, they emphasized simple, communal living and were all expected to practice celibacy.

Federal Style

Early national style of architecture that borrowed from neoclassical models and emphasized symmetry, balance, and restraint.

Greek Revival

Building style, popular between 1820 and 1850, imitated ancient Greek structural forms in search of a democratic architectural vernacular.

Hudson River school

American artistic movement that produced romantic renditions of local landscapes.

minstrel shows

Variety shows performed by white actors in blackface.

romanticism

Early nineteenth-century movement in European and American literature and the arts that emphasized imagination over reason.

transcendentalism

Literary and intellectual movement that emphasized individualism and self-reliance.

The American Scholar

Ralph Waldo Emerson's address at Harvard College, urging American scholars to develop their own traditions.