APUSH Chapter 14 Keyterms

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20 Terms

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The Age of Reason

Thomas Paine's anticlerical treatise that accused churches of seeking to acquire 'power and profit' and to 'enslave mankind.'

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Deism

Eighteenth-century religious doctrine that emphasized reasoned moral behavior and the scientific pursuit of knowledge.

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Second Great Awakening

Religious revival characterized by emotional mass 'camp meetings' and widespread conversion.

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Burned-Over District

Popular name for western New York, a region particularly swept up in the religious fervor of the Second Great Awakening.

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Mormons

Religious followers of Joseph Smith, who founded a communal, oligarchic religious order in the 1830s.

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lyceum

Public lecture hall that hosted speakers on topics ranging from science to moral philosophy.

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American Temperance Society

Founded in Boston in 1826 as part of a growing effort of nineteenth-century reformers to limit alcohol consumption.

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Maine Law of 1851

Prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcohol.

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Woman's Rights Convention at Seneca Falls

Gathering of feminist activists in Seneca Falls, New York, where Elizabeth Cady Stanton read her 'Declaration of Sentiments.'

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New Harmony

Communal society of around one thousand members, established in New Harmony, Indiana, by Robert Owen.

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Brook Farm

Transcendentalist commune founded by a group of intellectuals, who emphasized living plainly while pursuing the life of the mind.

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Oneida Community

One of the more radical utopian communities established in the nineteenth century, it advocated 'free love,' birth control, and eugenics.

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Shakers

Called 'Shakers' for their lively dance worship, they emphasized simple, communal living and were all expected to practice celibacy.

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Federal Style

Early national style of architecture that borrowed from neoclassical models and emphasized symmetry, balance, and restraint.

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Greek Revival

Building style, popular between 1820 and 1850, imitated ancient Greek structural forms in search of a democratic architectural vernacular.

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Hudson River school

American artistic movement that produced romantic renditions of local landscapes.

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minstrel shows

Variety shows performed by white actors in blackface.

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romanticism

Early nineteenth-century movement in European and American literature and the arts that emphasized imagination over reason.

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transcendentalism

Literary and intellectual movement that emphasized individualism and self-reliance.

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The American Scholar

Ralph Waldo Emerson's address at Harvard College, urging American scholars to develop their own traditions.