Primary survey and secondary survey

Airway

open/closed

breathing

frequency, quality, adequate

circulation

pulse, excessive bleeding

shock

a critical medical condition characterized by the body's inability to deliver

enough blood flow to cells and organs. This leads to inadequate oxygen and nutrient

supply, potentially causing organ damage and even death.

hypovolmeic shock

trauma/blood loss, decreased blood volume resulting in poor

oxygen transpor

Cardiogenic shock

heart can’t pump enough blood

Septic shock

inflammation

neurogenic shock

nervous system dilation of blood vessels from neurologic injury

Psychogenic shock

syncope

secondary survey

comprehensive medical examination performed after the initial (primary) assessment of a patient, typically in emergency situations. Its purpose is to identify and address any injuries or medical conditions that may have been missed during the primary survey

primary survey

determine potential life-threatening injuries/conditions (airway, breathing, circulation, profuse bleeding, shock) transport ASAP

history, observation, palpation, special tests

HOPS (on field)

SOAP

subjective (history), objective (clinician findings), assessment (diagnosis), plan (referral or treatment)

past history, provoked, present, quality, region, severity of pain, time

3pqrst

acute injury

has a rapid onset from a specific traumatic event

chronic injury

slow onset implying gradual development of structural damage from overuse

respiratory rate

12-18 breaths per min

blood pressure

60/90-80-120 mmHg

temperature

97.8-99.1 F

pulse

60-100 beats per min

Pupils equal and reactive to light

PEARL