PRELIM: RBC Morphology (2)

Anisocytosis

A peripheral blood smear is being evaluated for differences in RBC size. Which term specifically refers to variation in RBC size?

Anisocytosis

An increased RDW (red cell distribution width) is associated with which morphologic finding?

Microcyte

An RBC measures 5.5 μm in diameter. How should it be classified?

Iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia

Which conditions are associated with microcytes according to the notes?

Macrocyte

An RBC measures 10 μm in diameter. Which classification is appropriate?

Vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, and liver disease

Which combination is associated with macrocytes?

RBC with normal hemoglobin concentration

What is the definition of a normochromic RBC?

Hypochromia

A smear shows RBCs with central pallor greater than one-third of the cell diameter. What is this called?

Iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia

Which conditions are associated with hypochromic RBCs in the notes?

Hyperchromia

An RBC has no visible central pallor and appears dense. Which abnormality does this most closely represent?

Spherocytes

Hyperchromic RBCs are usually associated with which cell type?

Polychromasia

A smear contains bluish-gray RBCs due to residual RNA. What is this finding called?

Increased erythropoiesis

What does polychromasia generally indicate?

Poikilocytosis

What is the general term for variation in RBC shape?

Hereditary spherocytosis

A smear shows small, dense RBCs without central pallor. Which condition is associated with this finding?

Elliptocyte

Which RBC shape is described as oval or cigar-shaped?

Hereditary elliptocytosis and iron deficiency

Elliptocytes are associated with which conditions in the notes?

Target cells

A peripheral smear shows cells with a bull's-eye appearance. Which abnormality is most likely?

Liver disease, hemoglobinopathies, and thalassemia

Which combination is associated with target cells?

HbS (hemoglobin S) polymerization

What produces the characteristic shape of sickle cells?

Sickle cell disease

Which disease is specifically associated with sickle cells?

Schistocytes

Which RBC abnormality consists of fragmented RBCs?

DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation), TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura), and mechanical heart valves

Which combination includes conditions associated with schistocytes?

Dacrocytes

A smear shows tear-drop-shaped RBCs. What is the correct term?

Myelofibrosis

Which condition is associated with dacrocytes?

Echinocyte

Which RBC has regular short projections on its surface?

Uremia

Which condition is associated with echinocytes according to the notes?

Acanthocytes have irregular thorny projections, while echinocytes have regular short projections

Which statement correctly distinguishes acanthocytes from echinocytes?

Acanthocytes

A patient with liver disease has RBCs with irregular thorny projections. Which abnormality is most likely?

Stomatocytes — hereditary stomatocytosis and liver disease

Which statement correctly matches the RBC finding with its clinical association?