SPAUD 210: 4/15

cytoarchitecture

how are the cells made up?

brodmann map

Divides brain into 52 areas based on brain's gross anatomy, cellular structure of brain

neuroplasticity

the brain is able to repair/heal, especially at a young age

the brain can also become more skilled in certain areas

hemisphere specialization

term referring to if the hemispheres are specialized

lateralization

specialization of function in one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex or the other

functional imagery

what you use to see which side of the brain does what (like a PET scan)

speech and language

the left hemisphere is important for ____ and ______

left

What side stroke is often dangerous for langauge?

pragmatics

what aspect of language isn't left dominant?

language

math

logic

what does the left hemisphere control?

music

emotion

social recognition

what does the right hemisphere control?

circle of willis

what is the supply of blood to the brain?

oxygen

the brain uses a disproportionate amount of _____

4-6 mins

how soon do you need oxygen in the brain?

4

how many arteries go up to the brain?

middle cerebral artery

goes to broca/wernicke's area involved with language/speech

ions

atoms that have either lost or gained an electron

concentration gradient

a difference in the concentration of molecules on one side of a membrane from the concentration on the other side

permeability

the ease with which ions may pass through a membrane

passive, active

ions can move in/out of neurons (across membranes) by _____ or ____ mechanisms

passive

diffusion according to the concentration gradient -- going with the gradient, no energy required

active

ion pumps move Na (sodium) and K (potassium) ions against the concentration gradient

energy

what does active transport require

negative

what does the ion rest at, with K ions inside the axon?

sodium (Na+)

what are the ions outside the axon at rest

Sodium-potassium pumps

bring sodium in and potassium out

ATP

what do sodium-potassium pumps use?