Integumentary system

Sebaceous Glands

Groups of specialized cells; type of holocrine gland; cells produce fatty material that accumulates and swells

Merocrine Sweat Glands

Respond to elevated body temp; found on the forehead, neck, back; found on palms and sole; sweat released is mostly water

Apocrine Sweat Glands

Become active at puberty; release sweat when upset, scared, in pain; found in the axillary and groin area

Ceruminous glands

Secrete wax

List and Describe the layers of the skin

Epidermis-outer layer; stratified squamous epithelium

Dermis-thicker layer; inner layer; connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers; smooth muscle tissue; nervous tissue

Hypodermis-subcutaneous layer; binds skin to underlying organs; not a true layer of skin; has many fibers in it

What determines skin color?

Due to the amount of melanin produced in their cells

List and define the ABCDE Rule

A=Asymmetry(not symmetrical)

B=Border(irregular)

C=Color(more than one)

D=Diameter(more than 6mm)

E=Evolution(any changes)

What do nails consist of?

Nail plate which is the nail

Nail bed which is the skin

How do we get goosebumps

When we get goosebumps, we start to get cold. Then our arrector pili muscle attaches to each hari follicle. Then finally the muscle contracts, the hair will stand up if it is too short. Producing goosebumps

What are the skin functions?

Protection

Sense of touch

Maintaining homeostasis

Tissue repair

Vitamin D production, how it enters, what happens to it indside body, side affect, and how to get more

enters by sunlight absorption and dietary intake

Once it is inside the body it will go through the livers and then to the kidneys to be activated

Side affect:dehydration for common and then kidney damage for severe

How to get more by taking supplements

List and describe the types of burns

1st degree

It affects the epidermis

Causes:mild sunburn, scale from hot water or steam, contact with hot objects

Treatment:cold the burn, moisturizer

2nd degree

It affects the epidermis and dermis

Causes: flame contact, scalding liquids, severe sunburn, contact with hotter objects

Treatment:cool water, wash area with soap and pat dry, apply antibiotic ointment to keep moist

3rd Degree

It affects all layers

Causes: scalding liquids, contact with hot objects for an extended period of time, flames

Treatment: early cleaning, IV fluids, antibiotic ointment or take it by mouth

Know the epidermis layer and describe them

Stratum basale-the deepest layer

Stratum spinosum-prickle cell layer, in between basale and granulosum

Stratum granulosum-thin layer waterproof layer

Stratum corneum-outermost layer, protective barrier

Integumentary system

The skin and its accessory structures and organs

Organ system

2+ organs working together

Organs

2+ tissues that are connected and perform the same functions

Melanin

Pigment that provides skin color

Melanocytes

Produces melanin

Dermatology

Medical specialty that treats skin issues

Hair follicles

Group of stem cells at the base of a tubelike depression

Describe the 2 types of skin cancer

Cutaneous Carcinomas-found in epithelial cells in the epidermis

Cutaneous melanomas-found in melanocytes