Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

These flashcards encompass vocabulary related to the physical and cognitive development of children in middle childhood, focusing on key concepts from childhood education.

Physical Development

The growth and changes in the body and the brain that occur during school-age years, including changes in height, weight, and motor skills.

Concrete Operations

The third stage of Piagetian cognitive development (ages 7-12) where children develop logical reasoning about concrete objects.

Executive Function

The conscious control of thoughts, emotions, and actions to accomplish goals or solve problems.

Pragmatics

The social context of language, including conversational and narrative skills essential for effective communication.

Dyslexia

A developmental language disorder characterized by reading achievement substantially lower than predicted by IQ or age.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A chronic condition marked by persistent inattention, distractibility, impulsivity, and low tolerance for frustration.

Enrichment Programs

Educational programs designed for gifted students that deepen knowledge and skills through additional learning opportunities.

Acceleration Programs

Educational programs for gifted children that speed up their schooling process through grade skipping or advanced courses.

Metacognition

Thinking about one's own thinking, or awareness of one's own mental processes.

Social Promotion

The practice of promoting children to the next grade regardless of their academic performance to keep them with their age mates.

Bilingual Education

An educational system in which non-English speaking children are taught in both their native language and English.

Cognitive Development

The process of growth and change in intellectual capabilities that influence a person's behavior.

Language Acquisition

The process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language as well as to produce and use words.

Social Learning Theory

A theory that suggests people learn from one another through observation, imitation, and modeling.

Emotional Development

The development of the full range of emotions and the optimal way to express and manage those emotions over time.

Resilience

The ability to recover quickly from difficulties