HSI chapter 5 organ systems

vital organs

organs required for life (Ex. heart and brain)

Nonvital Organs

organs not required for life (Ex. spleen, appendix, tonsils)

Prothesis

any device that replaces a body part it improves its function (Ex. cochlear impant)

medical machine

machines used to diagnose, prevent, monitor, and treat medical conditions without using chemicals inside the body

organ transplant

a living organ from donor surgically put into a body

immunosuppressive drugs

medication that lower or slow down the body’s immune system

free-flap surgery

pieces of tissue from one part of the body are surgically remodeled and then grafted to a new part of the body

radiography

using x-ray to see the inside of the body

digestive system primary organs

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, rectum, anal canal.

Which system forms a tube called the alimentary canal (gastrointestinal GI tract)

the digestive system

digestive system accessory organs

teeth, salivary glands, tongue, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, appendix

which system functions are mechanical and chemical breakdown of nutrients, absorption of nutrient, elimination of undigested waste product-feces.

digestive system

what are the organs of the respiratory system

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, brionchi, lungs

what system has the functions exchange of waste gas (carbon dioxide) for oxygen in the alveoli of the lungs, filtration of irritants from inspired air, and regulation of acid-base balance

respiratory system

what is the diaphragm

a sheet of muscle that has a major role in inflating the lungs during breathing.

pharynx

throat

larynx

voice box

trachea

wind pipe

bronchi

air tubes

what is the waste product of kidneys

urine

what are the organs of the urinary system

kidneys, ureters, urinary badder, urethra

what system has the function cleaning blood of waste product, electrolyte balance, water balance, avid-base balance

urinary system

what are the organs for the male reproductive system

gonads- testes, vas deferens, urethra, prostate, external genitalia

what organs are in the female reproductive system

gonads-ovaries, uterus, uterine (fallopian) tubes, vagina, external genitalia, mammary glands (breaste)

what system has the functions survival of the genes, production of sex cells, transfer and fertilization of sex cells, development and birth of offspring, nourishment of offspring, production of sex hormones.

productive system

which two systems make the urogenital system

urinary and reproductive system

which systems make the circulatory system

cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune

which organs are in the cardiovascular system

heart, blood vessels, arteries, veins, and capillaries

which systems functions are transportation of substances throughout body, regulation of body temp., immunity (body defense), constant movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide

cardiovascular system

which organs are in the lymphatic system

lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, and thoracic duct

which system has the functions transportation of lymph, immunity

lymphatic system

which organs are in the immune system

unique cells: phagocytes and secretory cells. defensive protein compounds: antibodies and complements

which system has the functions phagocytes of bacteria, chemical reactions that provide protection against harmful agents.

immune system

phagocytosis

the process of attack, engulf, and destroy harmful bacteria

antibodies and complements

produce chemical reaction that help protect the body from many harmful agents

which systems make the neuroendocrine system

nervous and endocrine

which two systems are the ONLY two major systems that work together

the nervous and endocrine

which organs are in the nervous sysetm

brain, spinal cord, and nerves

which organs are part of the centra nervous system

brain and spinal cord

which organs are part of the peripheral nervous system

cranial and spinal nerves

which system has the functions (performed by nerve impulses) communication between body organs, integration of body functions, control of body functions, recognition of sensory stimuli

nervous system

stimuli

any change in environment that causes physical behavioral, or functional reaction

sense organs

generate nerve impulses that go to brain and take action

what is the structure of the endocrine system

ductless glands that secrete signaling hormones directly into the blood

what system has the functions of communication, integration control (the control is slow and long)

endocrine system

which organs are in the endocrine system

skull: pituitary gland, pineal gland, hypothalamus Neck: thyroid gland parathyroid gland Thoracic cavity: thymus gland Abdominal cavity: adrenal glands, pancreas

which system has the functions of movement, stability of posture, and produce heat

muscular system

tendon

dense strap or sheet of regular dense fibrous tissue and attaches to bone

bones are the primary organ of the skeletal system how many bones are there

206

which system has the functions of supports, protects, and moves body, stores mineral

skeletal system

which organs are in the axial skeletal system

bones of skull, ligaments and joints of spine, thorax skull, spine and thorax

which organs are in the appendicular skeletal system

bones of extremities ligaments and joints of extremities

bones are a storage area for what minerals

calcium and phosphorus

cartilage

cushions bones that are linked together and act as connection between one bone and another

ligaments

bands of fibrous connective tissue (hold bones together)

joints

connection between two or more bones

integumentary system

the bodys outer protective covering helps regulate body temp., protects us from injury, infections and dehydration.

what structures are part of the integumentary system

skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands.

which system has the functions of protection, temp. control, sensation, vitamin production, and waste removal

integumentary system

coastal cartilage

connects ribs to sternum

lymph

a watery fluid that contains lymphocytes, proteins, and some fatty molecules, but no red blood cells.

what is another word for digestive tract, a tube open at both ends

alimentary canal

______ is another name for voluntary muscle

skeletal muscle or striated muscle

________ is another name for involuntary muscle

nonstriated or smooth or cardiac muscle

______, _______, and ________ are accessory structures of the skin

hair, nails, and sweat and oil producing glands

what gland is part of both the lymphatic and endocrine system

thymus

which two tissues are part of the skeletal system

cartilage and ligament

_________ are undifferentiated cells take from embryonic tissue or cord blood and can be used in organ engineering

stem cells

what is apart of the skeletal structure but is often considered part of the lymphatic system

bone marrow