Jazz Final

the rhythm section

bass, piano, drums; basically anything but horns

Charlie Parker/”Bird”

alto sax virtuoso; worked closely with Dizzy Gillespie; played with Earl Hines and Mr. B before that; inspired by Lester Young

Dizzy Gillespie

bebop-era trumpet player; inspired by Roy Eldridge; worked closely with Charlie Parker; before that played with Cab Calloway, Earl Hines and Billy Eckstine; Latin influences

Kenny Clarke

bebop drummer

Thelonious Monk

bebop pianist and composer; originally hired by Coleman Hawkins; worked with Sonny Rollins, John Coltrane, Johnny Griffin, Charlie Rouse

Round about Midnight

Miles Davis album with First Great Quintet

Bud Powell

bebop piano virtuoso and composer; incorporated Afro-Latin styles; recognized by Monk and played with Cootie Williams

Birth of the Cool

Miles Davis compilation album that exemplified the cool jazz sound

Gil Evans

Cool jazz arranger; worked with Miles Davis

Sonny Rollins

hard bop tenor sax; Saxophone Colossus (“St. Thomas,” “Oleo,” “Airegin”); worked with Monk, Powell, JJ Johnson, Miles Davis, Brown-Roach quintet

Horace Silver

hard bop pianist and composer; played with Stan Getz and Miles Davis; co-founded Jazz Messengers with Art Blakey

Clifford Brown

trumpet soloist and composer (“Joy Spring”); played with Lionel Hampton; co-founded Brown-Roach Quintet

Max Roach

drummer and co-founder of the Brown-Roach Quintet

Hard bop

funkier, more rhythmic evolution of bebop; response to the rise of cool jazz

cool jazz

evolution of bop and bebop; slower tempos and whole tone scales; Miles Davis and Gil Evans

Art Blakey

bebop drummer and Jazz Messengers co-founder

Jazz Messengers

Bebop collective led by Art Blakey

Red Garland

pianist in Miles Davis’ First Great Quintet

Paul Chambers

bassist in Miles Davis’ First Great Quintet

“Philly” Joe Jones

drummer in Miles Davis’ First Great Quintet

Charles Mingus (esp. “Fables of Faubus”)

bassist and avant-garde jazz composer

Cannonball Adderley

hard bop alto saxophonist; played with Miles Davis on Kind of Blue

Bill Evans

pianist with Miles Davis on Kind of Blue

Scott LaFaro

bassist in Bill Evans Trio

Paul Motian

drummer in Bill Evans Trio

John Coltrane

trumpetist and composer; played with Monk and Davis (First Great Quintet then later rejoined for Kind of Blue); led his own quartet with McCoy Tyner (piano), Elvin Jones (drums), Jimmy Garrison (bass) on A Love Supreme

Kind of Blue

Miles Davis cool jazz classic

“Giant Steps”

John Coltrane composition known for its fast chord changes (Coltrane changes) that move through several keys

Tony Williams

drummer in Miles Davis’ Second Great Quintet

Wayne Shorter

soprano and tenor saxophonist; played in the Jazz Messengers, Miles Davis’ Second Great Quintet and later co-founded Weather Report

Herbie Hancock

pianist in Miles Davis’ Second Great Quintet; later went on to lead funk bands and recorded Head Hunters

Ron Carter

bassist in Miles Davis’ Second Great Quintet

Avant-Garde/New Thing/Free Jazz

jazz movement characterized by its pushing of musical boundaries; Charles Mingus

Ornette Coleman

multi-instrumentalist and composer of the free jazz movement

bebop

mainstream form of jazz following stride and swing

fusion

jazz mixed with rock

funk

jazz but pop-y and danceable

Head Hunters

Herbie Hancock jazz fusion album

Weather Report

jazz fusion band founded by Joe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter; original bassist was Mirslov Virtuos, later replaced by Jaco Pastorius; percussionists Airto Moreira and Alphonse Mouzon; “Birdland” on the album Heavy Weather

John McLaughlin

Played in Lifetime with Tony Williams; later formed fusion outfit Mahavishnu Orchestra

Bitches Brew

Miles Davis’ classic fusion album