All MCQs Unit 5
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69 Terms
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Griffith
The scientist who performed the first experiments to prove bacteria can take up DNA from surroundings and get transformed.
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TATAAAA
A common promoter sequence in many eukaryotic genes.
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Ribosomes
The organelle that is the site of protein synthesis.
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multiple members of the family have it
Evidence of a disorder being heritable.
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Folate and Vitamin D
The important biomolecule that melanin protects in humans.
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CRISPR Cas9
The molecular ‘scissors’ that can cut DNA at a customized specific site.
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Duplication
A correct chromosomal mutation identified as one of the types defined in genetics.
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Oka Zaki fragments
NOT part of post-transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes.
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All of the above
The reason Mendel chose garden peas for his experiments on heredity.
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An enzyme called ligase joins Oka Zaki fragments together.
The event of DNA replication that only occurs on the lagging strand.
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the enzymes will be produced in excess even when lactose is absent
The result of a deletion mutation in the lacI gene in bacteria.
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Frameshift addition
The type of mutation referenced in the given DNA sequence.
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Nonsense substitution
The type of mutation that results in the premature termination of protein translation.
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B, E, A, C D
The correct order of events in protein synthesis from DNA to ribosome.
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Ability of one gene to control the expression of another gene
The definition of 'epistasis'.
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Uracil
The base found only in RNA.
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mRNA 2
The mRNA that will code for the shortest amino acid chain.
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Gene mutations can result in a defective protein that is involved in the synthesis or absorption of melanin
How gene mutation can result in conditions like albinism.
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tRNA
The molecule that carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis.
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silent mutation
The mutation that has no effect on the protein structure.
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purine always pairs with a pyrimidine
The structural feature of DNA that maintains a constant diameter.
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homozygous recessive
The term for an individual possessing two recessive alleles for the same trait.
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1/2
The probability of offspring being homozygous recessive in a cross between a homozygous recessive parent and a heterozygous parent.
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3:1
The phenotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents.
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box 3
The box representing a child that does not have freckles in a Punnett square.
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hereditary information
What DNA stores.
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DNA helix will not unzip before replication
What a cell would be unable to accomplish without the enzyme helicase.
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hydrogen bonds
What holds two strands of DNA together.
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One allele is inherited from each parent
Why alleles exist in pairs in diploid organisms.
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an amino acid
What is NOT part of a nucleotide in a DNA molecule.
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Replication occurs continuously in opposite directions in the two strands.
The false statement comparing leading and lagging strands in DNA replication.
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A gene
What codes for a protein.
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a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid
The description of a codon.
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RNA is produced
What happens during transcription.
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DNA is single-stranded, while RNA is double-stranded.
The incorrect statement about the difference between DNA and RNA.
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produces haploid gametes
What best describes the process of meiosis.
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Group O
The blood group with a homozygous recessive genotype.
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AB and O
The marriage that cannot have a baby with the blood group of either parent.
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aa
The genotype of individual #1 in the pedigree chart shown.
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If adenine is on one strand, thymine must be on the other strand.
How Chargaff's rules explain the structure of DNA.
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The chromosomes in the cell lack a homologous pair in the same cell.
The evidence that a cell with 23 chromosomes is a product of meiosis.
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50%
The probability of the son having DMD if I-1 and I-2 have another son.
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calculating probability of albinism in a family using punnett squares
An example that is NOT considered an application of genetic engineering.
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RPE65 is not the only gene responsible for normal vision
The reason gene therapy used to treat Molly's blindness cannot be used for all patients of LCA.
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Daughter DNA has one new strand and one old strand
Why DNA replication is described as ‘semi-conservative’.
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0%
The probability of the daughters having hemophilia in a hemophiliac male and a carrier female.
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Leber Congenital Amaurosis
A disorder that can be treated effectively with gene therapy.
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Prophase I
The phase of meiosis where homologous chromosomes engage in crossing over.
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Meiosis produces genetically identical cells while mitosis creates genetic variations
The incorrect statement comparing mitosis and meiosis.
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Polynucleotides
Both DNA and RNA are classified as this.
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Messenger RNA is an output for the process of transcription and an input for the process of translation.
The accurate statement about the inputs and outputs of transcription and translation.
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Recombination produces a new combination of genes.
The role of recombination in increasing genetic diversity.
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Metaphase I
The phase of meiosis where Mendel’s law of independent assortment can be observed.
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Immunoglobulin
Not a type of antigen present on the surface of human RBCs.
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Ambiguous
The term that follows the genetic code is redundant but never __________.
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DNA → RNA → Protein
The flow of information in biological systems, summarized as the 'Central dogma of molecular biology'.
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22 + XX
The accurate representation of the number of autosomes and sex chromosomes in human females.
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Methionine
The first amino acid added in every polypeptide chain.
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299
The number of peptide bonds in a protein with 300 amino acids.
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Introns
The portions of DNA that do not code for a protein.
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Nuclear pores
The passageway through which mRNA exits the nucleus and arrives at the ribosome.
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UV radiation
The action of which mutagens results in a thymine dimer in the DNA.
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a virus
The genetic vector used in the case of the patient Molly for delivering corrected genes.
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Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
The components making up the backbone of the DNA molecule.
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Glycine
The amino acid carried by a tRNA with the anticodon CCU.
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Plasmid
The extra circular piece of DNA often present in prokaryotic cells used as a genetic engineering tool.
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Lac operon is an inducible operon
The correct description of the operon studied in the bacterium E. coli.
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Epigenome
The group of chemicals that can modify the eukaryotic genome to prevent RNA polymerase from accessing a gene.
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Anticodon
The item that is NOT a functional site on an operon.
Flashcards (22)