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B. Prone
An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body's position?
A. Dorsal
B. Prone
C. Recumbent
D. Supine
C. proximal.
In relation to the wrist, the elbow is:
A. lateral.
B. medial.
C. proximal.
D. distal.
C. sitting at a 45-degree angle.
You place a patient in the semi-Fowler position for transport. This means the patient is:
A. lying on his or her back.
B. lying on his or her stomach.
C. sitting at a 45-degree angle.
D. sitting at a 90-degree angle.
A. sole of the foot.
A laceration located on the plantar surface is on the:
A. sole of the foot.
B. palm of the hand.
C. back of the body.
D. front of the body.
D. All of the above.
When using abbreviations, acronyms, or symbols, an EMT should:
A. be familiar with those used in your agency.
B. use only those that are medically accepted.
C. use them to shorten documentation.
D. All of the above.
D. Ventral
This is used to identify a body part that is on the “belly side” or anterior surface of the body.
A. Deep
B. Superficial
C. Dorsal
D. Ventral
B. abduction.
Movement or motion away from the body's midline is called:
A. adduction.
B. abduction.
C. flexion.
D. extension.
D. a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.
The term "supraventricular tachycardia" means:
A. a slow heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.
B. a slow heart rate that originates from within the ventricles.
C. a rapid heart rate that originates from within the ventricles.
D. a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.
C. head.
The statement, “the lungs are superior to the bladder” indicates that the lungs are closer to the:
A. feet.
B. surface of the skin.
C. head.
D. trunk.
C. Word root
Which of the following components of a medical term conveys its essential meaning?
A. Prefix
B. Suffix
C. Word root
D. Combining vowels
A. color.
Prefixes can indicate:
A. color.
B. conditions.
C. body parts.
D. procedures.
C. Fowler
A patient in a semireclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is in the ___________ position.
A. supine
B. prone
C. Fowler
D. recovery
D. bronchi.
The plural form of the word bronchus is:
A. bronchae.
B. bronches.
C. bronchices.
D. bronchi.
A. Posterior
Which of the following anatomic terms is synonymous with the word "dorsal"?
A. Posterior
B. Palmar
C. Anterior
D. Medial
C. apex
The ___________ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles.
A. base
B. septum
C. apex
D. dorsum
C. is excessively thirsty.
A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:
A. is unable to swallow.
B. has low blood sugar.
C. is excessively thirsty.
D. urinates frequently.
C. distal humerus fracture.
A fracture of the humerus just above the elbow would be described as a:
A. proximal elbow fracture.
B. distal forearm fracture.
C. distal humerus fracture.
D. proximal humerus fracture.
C. hemostasis.
After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patient's leg stops bleeding. This is called:
A. hemolysis.
B. hematemesis.
C. hemostasis.
D. hemiplegia.
D. only one side of his chest rises when he inhales.
A patient with a pneumothorax has unilateral chest expansion. This means that:
A. both sides of his chest are moving minimally.
B. both of his lungs are expanding when he inhales.
C. his chest and his abdomen are moving in opposite directions.
D. only one side of his chest rises when he inhales.
B. the removal of fluid from around the heart.
The term "pericardiocentesis" means:
A. a surgical opening made in the heart.
B. the removal of fluid from around the heart.
C. surgical repair of the sac around the heart.
D. narrowing of the arteries supplying the heart.
D. posterior.
In relation to the chest, the back is:
A. anterior.
B. inferior.
C. ventral.
D. posterior.
B. bilateral.
A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being:
A. unilateral.
B. bilateral.
C. proximal.
D. medial.
A. hepatomegaly.
Enlargement of the liver is called:
A. hepatomegaly.
B. pneumonitis.
C. nephritis.
D. hydrocephalus.
B. medial.
The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:
A. midaxillary.
B. medial.
C. midclavicular.
D. lateral.
A. inferior.
The topographic term used to describe the parts of the body that are nearer to the feet is:
A. inferior.
B. superior.
C. dorsal.
D. internal.
C. she has excessive vomiting.
A pregnant patient is diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum. This means that:
A. her unborn baby is very large.
B. she has frequent urination.
C. she has excessive vomiting.
D. her respiratory rate is rapid.
A. Plantar
A young male jumped from a tree and landed feet first. Which aspect of his body has sustained the initial injury?
A. Plantar
B. Palmar
C. Dorsal
D. Ventral
C. distal
A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____________ forearm.
A. proximal
B. superior
C. distal
D. dorsal
A. Initial formation of a blood clot
What is the function of platelets?
A. Initial formation of a blood clot
B. Transport of oxygen and nutrients
C. Transport of cellular waste materials
D. Defense against invading organisms
C. Kidneys
Which of the following are found in the retroperitoneal space?
A. Liver
B. Spleen
C. Kidneys
D. Stomach
D. xiphoid process
The cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the:
A. costal arch.
B. manubrium.
C. angle of Louis.
D. xiphoid process
D. calcium.
A person's bones will become brittle if he or she is deficient in:
A. magnesium.
B. potassium.
C. sodium.
D. calcium.
D. Skeletal system
Which of the following structures does NOT contain smooth muscle?
A. Gastrointestinal tract
B. Blood vessels
C. Urinary system
D. Skeletal system
B. waste products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered to the cells.
Capillary sphincter closure during internal or external bleeding is detrimental because:
A. available blood is shunted off to another venule while still carrying oxygen.
B. waste products are not removed and nutrients are not delivered to the cells.
C. carbon dioxide and other waste can enter the cells, but oxygen cannot.
D. high levels of oxygen remain in the cells and can cause significant damage.
D. Warms and humidifies inhaled air
Which of the following is a function of the upper airway?
A. Creates sound from vocal cord vibration
B. relaxes smooth muscle in the bronchioles
C. Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide
D. Warms and humidifies inhaled air
D. seven
The cervical spine is composed of ___________ vertebrae.
A. six
B. five
C. four
D. seven
A. heat.
A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is:
A. heat.
B. lactic acid.
C. nitrogen.
D. oxygen.
C. 6 L
The average adult has approximately ___________ of blood in his or her vascular system.
A. 5 L
B. 3 L
C. 6 L
D. 4 L
D. hinge
The elbow is an example of a ____________ joint.
A. ball-and-socket
B. gliding
C. saddle
D. hinge
C. spleen.
Worn-out blood cells, foreign substances, and bacteria are filtered from the blood by the:
A. liver.
B. pancreas.
C. spleen.
D. kidney.
D. acetabulum.
The femoral head forms a ball-and-socket joint with the:
A. ilium.
B. ischium.
C. femoral condyle.
D. acetabulum.
D. overall tidal volume is increased.
If a patient's chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient's respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that:
A. expiratory reserve volume is decreased.
B. inspiratory reserve is increased.
C. minute volume is decreased.
D. overall tidal volume is increased.
B. alveoli.
As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the:
A. bronchi.
B. alveoli.
C. capillaries.
D. pleura.
C. The heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system.
Which of the following statements regarding the heart is correct?
A. The heart relies on an external electrical source to function correctly.
B. The heart can tolerate an interruption of oxygen for 5 minutes.
C. The heart is under the control of the autonomic nervous system.
D. The heart receives its blood supply from the pulmonary arteries.
B. midsagittal
The ___________ plane separates the body into left and right halves.
A. coronal
B. midsagittal
C. sagittal
D. transverse
B. hypoxic drive.
The body's backup system of respiratory control, which is based on low concentrations of oxygen in the blood, is called the:
A. pneumotaxic drive.
B. hypoxic drive.
C. hypocarbic drive.
D. oxyhemoglobin drive.
A. beta-1 receptors.
An increase in heart rate and contractility occurs due to stimulation of:
A. beta-1 receptors.
B. alpha-1 receptors.
C. beta-2 receptors.
D. alpha-2 receptors.
D. increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
Breathing occurs as the result of a(n):
A. decrease in carbon dioxide, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
B. decrease in oxygen, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
C. increase in oxygen, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
D. increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
C. contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange.
Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that:
A. must be filled with air before gas exchange can take place.
B. receives oxygen but is unable to release carbon dioxide.
C. contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange.
D. includes the alveoli and capillaries surrounding the alveoli.
A. Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement
Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing in an adult?
A. Respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement
B. Respirations of 30 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume
C. Cool, clammy skin and retractions above the clavicles
D. Use of the accessory muscles in the neck and cyanosis
A. cerebrum.
The largest part of the brain is the:
A. cerebrum.
B. brainstem.
C. cerebellum.
D. foramen magnum.
C. They help to fight infection.
Which of the following statements about red blood cells is FALSE?
A. They contain iron.
B. They carry oxygen.
C. They help to fight infection.
D. They give color to the blood.
A. oxygenated; lungs
The left atrium of the heart receives ___________ blood from the
___________.
A. oxygenated; lungs
B. deoxygenated; body
C. oxygenated; body
D. deoxygenated; lungs
B. 60 to 100 beats/min.
The normal resting adult heart rate is:
A. 50 to 70 beats/min.
B. 60 to 100 beats/min.
C. 80 to 110 beats/min.
D. 110 to 120 beats/min.
C. Tendons
_____ connect(s) muscles to bones.
A. Ligaments
B. Cartilage
C. Tendons
D. Joints
B. pancreas.
Insulin is produced in the:
A. liver.
B. pancreas.
C. thyroid gland.
D. adrenal glands.
C. thyroid cartilage.
The MOST prominent landmark on the anterior surface of the neck is the:
A. mastoid process.
B. cricoid cartilage.
C. thyroid cartilage.
D. cricothyroid membrane.
B. fractured both of his or her femurs.
A person with bilateral femur fractures has:
A. fractured one of his or her femurs.
B. fractured both of his or her femurs.
C. one femur fractured in two places.
D. fractured the lateral aspect of the femur.
B. An infant's lungs are fragile.
When providing bag-mask ventilations to an infant, what is most important to remember?
A. Blood pressure typically increases with age.
B. An infant's lungs are fragile.
C. An infant grows at a rate of about 30 g per day.
D. An infant has a proportionately larger tongue than an adult.
C. 4 months of age.
You see an infant capable of reaching out to people and drooling. She is most likely:
A. 2 months of age.
B. 3 months of age.
C. 4 months of age.
D. 5 months of age.
B. Anxious-avoidant attachment
An infant who is repeatedly rejected experiences what type of attachment?
A. Secure attachment
B. Anxious-avoidant attachment
C. Trust and mistrust
D. Rejection attachment
D. All of the above
Why do colds develop so easily in toddlers and preschoolers?
A. They experience a loss of passive immunity.
B. They do not have well-developed lung musculature.
C. They are spending a lot of time around playmates and classmates.
D. All of the above
B. 90 to 150 beats/min
The pulse rate of a toddler is:
A. 80 to 140 beats/min
B. 90 to 150 beats/min
C. 90 to 180 beats/min
D. 100 to 160 beats/min
A. 20 to 30 breaths/min
The respiratory rate of a toddler is:
A. 20 to 30 breaths/min
B. 30 to 40 breaths/min
C. 30 to 50 breaths/min
D. 20 to 40 breaths/min
B. Conventional reasoning
A school-age child looking for approval from his peers and society is demonstrating what kind of reasoning?
A. Preconventional reasoning
B. Conventional reasoning
C. Postconventional reasoning
D. Trust and mistrust
A. our perception of ourselves.
Self-concept is:
A. our perception of ourselves.
B. how we feel about ourselves.
C. how we fit in with peers.
D. how we react to certain situations.
C. Adolescents are at a higher risk for suicide.
Why should you be concerned about a 16-year-old patient who seems depressed?
A. She could be exhibiting rebellious behavior.
B. She has just finished her growth spurt and may be disappointed in the results.
C. Adolescents are at a higher risk for suicide.
D. She may be having unprotected sex.
A. Middle adults are often supporting both their children and their parents.
Why do finances become an issue during middle adulthood?
A. Middle adults are often supporting both their children and their parents.
B. Middle adults make less money than early adults.
C. Their deteriorating health makes it difficult to get to work.
D. Hearing loss prevents them from working.
D. All of the above
Why is breathing more labor intensive for the elderly?
A. The size of the airway increases, and the surface area of the alveoli decreases.
B. The natural elasticity of the lungs decreases.
C. The overall strength of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm decreases.
D. All of the above
B. 50%
What is the decline in kidney filtration ability between the ages of 20 and 90 years?
A. 10 %
B. 50%
C. 45%
D. 20%
C. 12 to 18 years
What is the typical age range for an adolescent?
A. 6 to 12 years
B. 3 to 6 years
C. 12 to 18 years
D. 10 to 19 years
A. Postconventional
Children who make decisions based on their conscience are using what type of reasoning?
A. Postconventional
B. Psychosocial
C. Conventional
D. Preconventional
D. Deterioration of nerve endings
Which of the following is a nervous system change commonly found in older adults?
A. Increase in brain weight
B. Increase in peripheral nerve functioning
C. Less space for cerebral spinal fluid
D. Deterioration of nerve endings
D. adolescence
Maturation of the reproductive system usually takes place during:
A. early adulthood
B. preschool
C. middle adulthood
D. adolescence
C. Neonate
What term is used to identify a person who is from birth to 1 month old?
A. Infant
B. Toddler
C. Neonate
D. Newborn
B. 78
What is the current estimated average life expectancy for humans?
A. 120
B. 78
C. 67
D. 56
A. 120
What is the current estimated maximum life expectancy for humans?
A. 120
B. 78
C. 110
D. 104
B. dehydration
When encountering a patient with depressed fontanelles, you should suspect:
A. respiratory distress
B. dehydration
C. atherosclerosis
D. nephrosis
C. The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration
What is "vital capacity"?
A. The volume of blood moved by each contraction of the heart
B. The maximum thickness of the meninges
C. The volume of air moved during the deepest points of respiration
D. The amount of air left in the lungs following exhalation
B. separation
Clingy behavior and the fear of unfamiliar people or places are normal among 10- to 18-month-old children and are commonly caused by _____ anxiety.
A. bonding
B. separation
C. avoidant
D. mistrust
C. increase
Diastolic blood pressure tends to ____ with age.
A. decrease
B. compensate
C. increase
D. decompensate
A. 1 to 6 years
Into what age range do toddlers and preschoolers fit?
A. 1 to 6 years
B. 2 to 8 years
C. 2 to 7 years
D. 0 to 5 years
A. middle adulthood
Empty nest syndrome is typically seen in which stage of life?
A. middle adulthood
B. adolescence
C. late adulthood
D. early adulthood
B. 2 months
At what age can an infant normally start tracking objects with his or her eyes and recognize familiar faces?
A. 7 months
B. 2 months
C. 4 months
D. 10 months
B. 19-40
Early adults are:
A. 18-30
B. 19-40
C. 18-36
D. 19-36
C. Determining the level of responsiveness
Which of the following is NOT considered part of the scene size-up?
A. Determining the mechanism of injury
B. Requesting additional assistance
C. Determining the level of responsiveness
D. Determining the need for personal protective equipment (PPB) / standard precautions
A. pregnant until proven otherwise
You should consider all women of childbearing years who are complaining of lower abdominal pain to be:
A. pregnant until proven otherwise
B. experiencing cramps associated with menstruation
C. victims of sexual assault
D. suffering from a urinary tract infection
b.
With _____, the force of the injury occurs over a broad area, and the skin is usually not broken.
a. motor vehicle collisions
b. blunt trauma
c. penetrating trauma
D. gunshot wounds
D. Abdominal pain
Which of the following conditions is NOT known to cause a slow capillary refill?
A. Vasoconstriction
B. Hypothermia
C. Age
D. Abdominal pain
B. Tidal volume
_______ is the measure of the amount of air that is moved into and out of the lungs in one breath.
A. Residual volume
B. Tidal volume
C. Vital capacity
D. Minute volume
A. Puncture
There are three elements to the physical exam. Which of the following is NOT one of those elements?
A. Puncture
B. Inspection
C. Palpation
D. Auscultation
C. the events leading up to the incident
When determining the initial general impression, you should note all of the following EXCEPT:
A. the patient's age
B. the level of distress
C. the events leading up to the incident
D. the patient's sex
B. Palpating a pulse
Which of the following is included in the primary assessment?
A. Blood pressure
B. Palpating a pulse
C. Oxygen saturation
D. Pupil size
C. Difficulty breathing
Which of the following conditions would be considered "high priority" when determining the priority of transport?
A. Uncomplicated childbirth
B. Mild abdominal pain
C. Difficulty breathing
D. Pink skin color
B. Responsive to pain
What does the "P" on the AVPU scale represent?
A. Responsive to palpation
B. Responsive to pain
C. Responsive to provocation
D. Responsive to palliation
B. 12 to 20 breaths per minute
A normal respiratory rate for an adult is typically:
A. 5 to 10 breaths per minute
B. 12 to 20 breaths per minute
C. 15 to 30 breaths per minute
D. 20 to 30 breaths per minute
D. brachial
For children younger than 1 year, you should palpate the _____ artery when assessing the pulse.
A. carotid
B. radial
C. femoral
D. brachial
A. Cyanosis
When there are low levels of oxygen in the blood, the lips and mucous membranes appear blue or gray. What is the name of this condition?
A. Cyanosis
B. Pallor
C. Jaundice
D. Ashen
C. if one is present
Your first consideration when assessing a pulse is to determine:
A. how fast the rate is
B. the quality
C. if one is present
D. if the rhythm is regular
D. 30-second
To obtain the pulse rate in most patients, you should count the number of pulses felt in a ____ period and then multiply by two.
A. 15-second
B. 20-second
C. 25-second
D. 30-second
