Protective sheath around axon of some neurons; Acts like insulation around electrical wire.
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what is referred to as white matter
myelin
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Epilepsy
Chronic neurological disorder with recurrent seizures ; disrupted channel activation leading to repetitive synchronous firing of neuronal action potentials
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Seizure
Sudden, abnormal, disorderly discharge of neurons within the brain
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Generalized Seizures
Arises in one hemisphere and evolves to involve both hemispheres
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Absence seizures
Client is unaware of seizure activity
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Focal
localized within 1 cerebral hemisphere. Stays in that hemisphere.
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Clonic
Motor symptoms with sustained rhythmical jerking
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Tonic
Muscles become tense or rigid.
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Atonic
Weak or limp muscles
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Myoclonus
Muscle twitching
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Epileptic spasms
Repeated flexion and extension of the whole body.
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Non-motor symptom
Absence seizures” (staring spells with no movement)
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Aura
Sensation before a seizure • Could be described as a strange light, unpleasant smell, confusing thoughts.
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Ictal period
Episode of the seizure;time
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Postictal
After seizure complete • Person may be tired, confused, nauseated, may have amnesia
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Primary headaches
Arise independent of any other medical illness or traumatic cause • Tension-type, migraine, and trigeminal autonomic cephalgia
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Secondary headaches
Caused by another primary condition • Head injury, vascular problems, medication side effects, sinus disease, and tumors
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what is the most common primary headache
Tension Type Headache
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where are tension headaches position
Bilateral pain with mild to moderate pressure
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does tension headache worsen with activity
no
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Migraine Headache
Periodic, throbbing headaches • Altered perceptions, nausea, and severe pain
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what makes migraines worse
movement
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Viral Meningitis
mumps, measles, herpes, West Nile virus. • No vaccine
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S/S viral meningitis
Headache, nuchal rigidity, photophobia, fever, chills, nausea/vomiting, altered level of consciousness, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, tachycardia, seizures, red macular rash
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Bacterial Meningitis
otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis
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Parkinson’s Disease
Progressive loss of dopamine-producing cells in the basal ganglia
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what moderates movement such as posture, standing, walking, writing.
Studied by 8 people
