MAMMO PATIENT CARE

BI-RADS stands for what?

Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System

BI-RADS 0

incomplete: additional imaging required, Diagnostic exam needed

BI-RADS 1

Negative. Normal : no masses, lumps or suspicious calcs

BI-RADS 2

Benign: Non-cancerous finding. Benign marcrocaifications, calcs, masses or lymph nodes

BI-RADS 3

Probably benign finding. follow up with repeat mammogram or ultrasound in 3-6 months.

BI-RADS 4

suspicious abnormality. biopsy should be considered

BI-RADS 5

Highly Suggestive of Malignancy - appropriate action should be taken and biopsy is reccomended

BI-RADS 6

Breast cancer / Known biopsy-proven malignancy. imaging is ordered to see if cancer have metastasized and how the cancer is responding to the treatment.

what symbol means an abnormal breast cancer gene?

BRCA1/BRCA2

which medical history question is not important for a patient's chart once they arrive for their mammogram?

history of a high blood pressure

when is the best time to perform a breast self-exam (BSE)?

1 week after menstrual cycle ends

which quadrant is 75% of breast cancers located in?

UOQ

what modality is the best at detecting breast cancer?

mammography

the American Cancer Society (ACS) recommends that women that who is high risk for breast caner be screened with mammography and what?

MRI

which organization does NOT recommend screening mammograms for women 75 and older?

US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)

Which organization recommends annual screening mammograms for women 40-44, and clinical breast examination (CBS) if the patient wants one?

American Cancer Society (ACS)

Which organization does not recommend breast self exam (BSE) and clinical breast exam (CBE) at any age?

US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)

Which organization recommends that screening mammograms should continue as long as a women is in good health and expected to live 10 years or more?

American Cancer Society (ACS)

Which organization recommends that women with high-risk factors or very dense breast tissue to have MRI or breast ultrasound screening test?

American Cancer Society (ACS)

Which organization recommends yearly mammograms for all women starting at the age of 40?

American College of Radiology (ACR)

Which organization recommends screening mammograms every 1 or 2 years between age 40 and 49 years and every year after?

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG)

What is the biggest risk factor for breast cancer?

gender

what is the major risk factor for breast cancer?

a. dense breast tissue

b. having a first child after 30

c. not breastfeeding

d. early menarche (menstrual cycle before age 12)

a. dense breast tissue

which of the following is a minor risk factor for breast cancer?

a. having a first child when older than age 30

b. aging

d. dense breast tissue3

d. BRCA1/BRCA 2 gene mutation

having a first child when older than 30

which of the following is a major risk factor for breast cancer?

a. late menopause

b. BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutation

c. hormone replacement therapy

d. drinking alcohol

BRCA1/BRCA2

what is the second leading cause of death in women in the US?

breast cancer

which medical history is important to document and obtain from patient while the patient is filling out a questionarie form before their mammogram?

A family or personal history of breast cancer

A breast self-examination (BSE) is performed to

look for changes in the breast

what is a clinical breast examination? (CBE)

a through examination of the breast performed by a qualified health professional

what is the recommended dose of choice when calculating patient radiation doses with mammography?

glandular dose

what is the recommended glanduar dose by the American College of Radiology (ACR) without a grid during a mammogram?

0.1 rad (100 mrad or 1 mGy)

approximately, which percentage of women that develop breast cancer does NOT have a first degree relative with the disease?

90%

when should patients schedule their mammogram exam?

7 to 10 days after the start of their period

which race has a higher chance of being diagnosed with breast cancer?

Caucasian women

what are the symptoms for a patient that have been diagnosed with breast cancer in its early state?

symptomless (no symptoms)

what must be included on all mammogram reports?

the patient's name and medical record number

how soon should results be sent to the patient after they have a mammogram?

within 30 days

how long should mammography radiographs and the medical records of patients be kept at a facility?

not less than 5 years

which of the following are considered a major risk factor for breast cancer?

a. alcohol consumption

b. early menarche

c. use of hormones

d. aging

aging

which of the following are considered a minor risk factor for breast cancer?

a. current or recent use of oral contraceptives

b. aging

c. dense breast tissue

d. female gender

current or recent use of oral contraceptives

a patient arrived into the facility for a mammogram. the patient had a procedure or surgery performed in the past due to back pain, and her nipple and areola is repositioned, along with removal of some excess breast tissue. what kind of surgery did they have?

breast reduction

which term is used to describe a procedure in which the breast size are increased by inserting an implant?

breast augmentation

a patient arrived to the facility for her annual screening mammogram. in her medical chart, the patient reported that she had a procedure done 8 months ago since her last mammogram that involved reducing and reshaping her breast tissue. the patient does not have a history of any medical problems. what kind of procedure did she have?

mammoplasty

what screening recommendations does the American Cancer Society (ACS) recommend for patients who are at a high risk for breast cancer?

MRI in addition to mammography

which organization recommends that clinical breast examinations start at 40 yrs old?

American College of Radiology ACR

how much radiation does a single mammogram projection give patients?

1 mSv (100 mrem)

which group of patient have to worry about their breast density?

younger women

which treatment can be used to treat breast cancer and kill the cancer cells by exposing them to high energy while protecting their healthy tissue?

Radiation Therapy

which treatment used drugs to treat cancer that may have spread beyond the breast?

chemotherapy

a female patient is scheduled for her routine mammogram. She is 42 years old and has a strong family history of breast cancer. Her genetic mutation test for breast cancer was negative. her ordering physician suggests her to start taking medication to reduce chances of getting breast cancer in the future. which medication or treatment did her doctor suggest?

tamoxifen

which drug was originally marketed to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, but is now used to treat invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women?

reloxifene

a 50 year old female patient was recently diagnosed with a breast tumor that is less than 2 cm. there is no lymph node involvement or metastasis to any other body part. what is her breast cancer stage?

Stage 1

a 70 year old female patient had surgery to remove a breast cancer tumor. afterwards, the patient noticed swelling, pain, and visible fluid around the breast that had surgery. what is the patient's diagnosis?

seroma

a 65 female patient had breast surgery to remove a breast cancer. the surgeon removed tissue from the lower abdomen to reconstruct her breast. what type of surgery did this patient have?

Transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap

a 30 female patient has a strong family history of breast cancer. her genetic mutation test for breast cancer is positive. she had her first mammogram and the results were negative for breast cancer. since the patient is a higher risk, she decided to have breast surgery to prevent cancer from occurring in the future. what kind of surgery did she have?

prophylactic surgery

which of the following is the removal of muscle, fat and skin from the upper back?

a. lumpectomy

b. prophylactic surgery

c. latissimus dorsi flap

d. mastectomy

latissimus dorsi flap

which type of breast procedure removes the entire breast, lymph nodes and chest wall muscles under the breast?

Radical Mastectomy

the protein receptors that control how the breast cells divide and repair themselves is called what?

HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2)

an 80 female patient was diagnosed with right breast cancer. her cancer spread to her entire right breast. there was a chance that her right breast cancer would possibly return in the future. she decided to have her entire breast removed. what kind of surgery did she have?

mastectomy

which type of breast procedure removes the breast tissue and includes a removal of the nipple-areolar region?

Modified Radial Mastectomy

which surgical option is the most breast conserving surgery for the patient?

lumpectomy

a surgery performed to remove the entire breast when a women has a very high risk for breast cancer is called what?

Preventive Surgery

a 70 female patient was recently diagnosed with left breast caner. during her surgical procedure, her breast tissue was removed, but her nipple0areola remained there. what is the name of this surgery?

Nipple-sparing mastectomy

a surgical option to removed lymph nodes from the axilla while checking for breast cancer spread is called what?

axillary node dissection

a women that has never given birth to a viable baby is termed

nulliparity

what is the meaning behind the symbols BRCA1 & BRCA2

the symbols to indicate an abnormal breast cancer gene

which BI-RADS score would a fibroadenoma fall under?

2