part 1 lab practical 2

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to the structure and function of joints as outlined in Chapter 9 of the lab manual.

Synarthrosis

An immovable joint where bones are tightly joined together, exemplified by the sutures of the skull and teeth in their sockets.

Amphiarthrosis

A slightly movable joint that allows limited movement, such as in the pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs.

Diarthrosis

A freely movable joint, which includes all synovial joints like the shoulder, hip, knee, and elbow.

Fibrous Joint

A joint constructed of dense fibrous connective tissue that allows little or no movement, such as sutures in the skull.

Cartilaginous Joint

A joint where cartilage connects the bones, allowing limited movement, as seen in the symphysis pubis and intervertebral discs.

Synovial Joint

A joint characterized by a synovial fluid-filled capsule and ligaments, which allows free movement, such as in the shoulder and knee.

Flexion

The action of decreasing the angle between two bones, commonly demonstrated by bending the elbow or knee.

Extension

The action of increasing the angle between two bones, such as straightening the elbow or returning an arm to the side after flexing.

Hyperextension

Extension of a joint beyond the normal anatomical position, which can result in injury, seen when looking upward or bending the wrist back.

Abduction

Movement away from the midline of the body, such as raising arms or legs to the side.

Adduction

Movement toward the midline of the body, as in bringing arms or legs back toward the body.

Circumduction

Circular movement at a joint, involving flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, creating a cone-shaped motion.

Rotation

Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis, for example, turning the head side to side or rotating the arm inward or outward.