Archaeology and Domestication

These flashcards cover key concepts discussed in the lecture regarding archaeology, domestication, and the societal implications of agricultural practices.

What is the relationship between Paleolithic art and later time periods in Europe according to the lecture?

There is a disconnect; scholars have not connected cave art with what happens when people start settling down.

What key factors are identified as influencing the process of domestication?

Climate change, population stability and change, subsistence patterns, technological capabilities, socioeconomic organization, and ideological perceptions.

How did the Natufian culture contribute to the understanding of domestication?

They were semi-sedentary communities that engaged in intensive collection of wild grain and began the transition toward domestication.

What can the designs on cave paintings in South Asia suggest about human interaction with animals?

They may indicate ritual ideologies where art was used to ensure successful hunting and productivity of animal populations.

What is a significant difference between ancient Egyptian agriculture and that of the Near East?

Egypt lacked wild wheat, barley, and rye, meaning these crops were introduced from the Near East.

According to the lecture, what was one reason early agricultural societies might have domesticated grain?

To avoid the need to travel far distances for food, thereby supporting sedentary lifestyles.

What are the implications of the domestication process on animals and plants described in the lecture?

Domestication is a long-term process that alters the fitness of species to survive independently in the wild, often leading to mutual dependence on humans.

What was a major societal shift observed with the transition from round to rectangular dwellings in Jericho?

The shift indicated a move towards larger, more complex family units and a change in social organization.

What role did beer brewing play in ancient agricultural societies according to the lecture?

It provided a means of purifying water, making it safer to consume.