Sec 1 Science Chapter 3.2

Exploring Diversity of matter by its chemical composistion

what are solutions and suspension

a mixture consists of 2 or more substances that are not chemcially combined together

what is a solute

the substance that is being dissolved

what is a solvent

the substances that dissolves the solute

how is a solution formed

the particles in the solid(solute) separate and mix evenly with the solvent particles. Eventually the solute particles spread evenly through the whole solution and their particles cannot be seen as they are very small. The particles are small enough to pass through filter paper.

what are properties of a solution

A solution is always clear.

A solution is homogenous

how is a suspension formed

the solid does not dissolve but remains suspended in the liquid. The insoluble solid can be seen in the suspension

what are the properties of a suspension

a suspension is cloudy.

A suspension is heterogenous

what are the different types of solutions

1. Dilute Solution

2. Concentrated Solution

3. Saturated Solution

Explain dilute solution

small mass of solute dissolved in a large volume of solvent

Explain concentrated solution

large mass of solute dissolved in a small volume of solvent

Explain saturated solution

maximum mass of solute in a given volume of a solvent at a given temperature

what is the 1st method to form a saturated solution

Add solute into a given volume of solvent at a given temperature. Stir to dissolve the solute. Continue adding solute until some of the solute can no longer dissolve to obtain a saturated solution

what is the 2nd method to form a saturated solution

Heat a solution to evaporate most of the solvent. Dip a glass rod into the heated solution. If small crystal formed on the cool glass rod when it is lifted, the solution is saturated

what is solubility

solubility is the ability of the solute to dissolve in the solvent. It is measured by the maximum mass of the solute that can dissolve in a given volume of the solvent at a given temperature

what are the factors affecting solubility of a substance

1. type of solute

2. type of solvent

3. temperature

what are the factors affecting rate of dissolving

1. temperature

2. surface area

3. stirring