Judicial Branch Review AP Gov

Under which chief justice did the court establish judicial review?

John Marshall

The court of military appeals is an example of which type of court?

Legislative

Original jurisdiction for litigation starts in this federal court.

U.S. district courts

When the court bases its decision on a previous court decision, it is considered what?

Stare decisis

How many district courts are there in the federal system?

91

What is it called when the Senate allows senators of the president's party to block nominations?

Senatorial courtesy

Which court has the most control over the cases it hears?

Supreme Court

When the U.S. Supreme Court agrees to hear a case, it exercises what jurisdiction?

Appellate

According to the principle of stare decisis, when should a court overturn precedent?

Only if absolutely necessary

If a judge believes in deferring to elected representatives, what do they likely believe in?

Judicial restraint

Who decides whether to appeal a case to the Supreme Court when the government loses in a lower court?

Solicitor General

What is the writ of certiorari?

An order from the Supreme Court telling a lower court to send up a case for review

What court case established judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison

Which group confirms all federal judges?

The Senate

What act of 1789 established the three-tier federal court system?

Judiciary Act

How many seats are in the Supreme Court?

9

What is the opinion of a justice who votes with the majority but has an alternate basis called?

Concurring opinion

Who attempted to expand the number of Supreme Court judges?

FDR

In which courts are the vast majority of cases tried?

State courts

In which federal court cases are trials conducted?

District courts

How are judicial decisions translated into actual policy?

Judicial implementation

Which court was one of the most active in shaping public policy?

Earl Warren Court

What must plaintiffs have to sustain a lawsuit?

Standing to sue

What are the two types of jurisdictions courts can have?

Original and appellate

What is the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?

Cases prosecuting diplomats

What is an amicus brief?

A way interest groups attempt to influence the Supreme Court's decision

Which type of law involves the violation of legal rights between individuals?

Civil law

What type of standing permits a small number of people to sue on behalf of others?

Class action

Who nominates judges to the U.S. district courts?

The President

What is the term length for federal district court judges?

Lifetime