broad approaches

highlighted broad interventions:

• Metaphonological Intervention

• Naturalistic Intervention

• PROMPT

• Non-Speech Oral Motor Exercises (NSOMEs)

what type of approach is metaphonological intervention?

broad not direct

metaphonoligical “metaphon” intervention client age

All children with SSD; mostly school aged

what age do metaphonological skills come in?

around 4-5

metaphonoligical “metaphon” intervention population

Children with delayed and/or disordered speech and literacy difficulties

metaphonoligical “metaphon” intervention components

Phonological awareness including rhyming, syllable clapping, alliteration, and blending and segmenting games followed by production of contrasting sounds and minimally paired words

metaphonoligical “metaphon” intervention broad goals

Stimulate speech change via training phonological awareness

(why this is not a direct approach)

metaphonoligical “metaphon” intervention target selection

Developmental and stimulable

metaphonoligical “metaphon” intervention level of focus

Phoneme primarily at the word level

metaphonoligical “metaphon” intervention session type

Individual and/or small group sessions

Phase 1: increases _____ and _____ in properties of sounds and their ________ — build in complexity

phase 1 is also the…

knowledge and interest; contrastive nature

most important

metaphonological

levels in phase 1

1. Concept Level

2. Sound level

3. Phoneme Level

4. Word Level

metaphonological

phase 2 develops the child’s _________ awareness

communicative

metaphonological

components of phase 2

• Minimal Pairs – words

  • Ex: Tea/sea

• Minimal Pairs – sentences

  • Ex: Stick the tea/sea on the board

metaphonological

tasks used for word-initial phonemes:

• initial phoneme isolation

• phoneme identification from a given target across words

• phonological isolation and identification across words

• odd-one out tasks

metaphonological

“Tell me the first sound in...

Initial phoneme isolation

“Find me all the words beginning with...”

Phoneme identification from a given target across words

“This puppet is named Dan. Find all the toys that start with the same sound as his name”

Phoneme isolation and identification across words

“Which one of these words does not belong: cat, car, fan, comb?

Odd one-out tasks

naturalistic intervention approach client age

Primarily toddlers and preschoolers

what type of approach is the naturalistic approach?

broad

naturalistic intervention approach population

Children with severe SSDs; secondary populations include Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, and children who stutter

naturalistic intervention approach components

Recasts of child productions during naturalistic activities

naturalistic intervention approach broad goals

Functional speech intelligibility and speech accuracy

naturalistic intervention approach target selection

Intelligibility and accuracy of speech sounds

naturalistic intervention approach level of focus (at what level?)

Intelligibility and accuracy at conversation level

naturalistic intervention approach session type

Individual sessions

naturalistic intervention approach is the only intervention that has a …

Social language framework

need to know!!

naturalistic intervention approach is intended to be a two-tiered approach:

1. Improve overall speech intelligibility so that intended messages are better understood by the child’s listeners

2. Focuses on improving the accuracy of individual speech sound errors

naturalistic intervention approach is ______ so the clinician is mostly responsible for____________ so that the child _________ to communicate

child-led; manipulating the environment; naturally attempts

The communicative interactions of the naturalistic intervention approach may be between who?

• child and clinician

• child and parent

• child and teacher

• child and peer

WHO? naturalistic intervention approach

Children with a severe speech sound disorder whose:

• Speech intelligibility may be profoundly compromised

• Immediate communication needs may not be met by intervention methods that focus on individual sound accuracy.

• May not be ready for or compliant with a more traditional service delivery model of sitting, listening, and producing on demand (e.g., preschoolers, children with developmental disabilities such as Down syndrome, and children with autism spectrum disorder)

The foundation of naturalistic intervention approach is on the provision of natural feedback through _____

recasts

Corrective feedback given in a naturalistic manner without requiring imitation. It is designed to provide a corrective model without interrupting communicative interactions

natural recasts

example of natural recasts

Child – “I like his punny pace”

Adult – “I like his funny face too. It is a very funny face. He is so funny”

in naturalistic intervention approach, as speech intelligibility improves and begins to display “______,” more ____ ways of improving speech sound accuracy can be introduced

readiness; direct

PROMPT client age

Children 2;0 and older

PROMPT population

Children with mild-severe articulation, motor speech delay or speech production disorder affecting execution, planning, fluency or prosody

PROMPT components

PROMPT-certified SLPs with support from family members and peers

PROMPT broad goals

Motor-phonemes and lexicon priorities are selected to work on broad language-based, long-term communications goals

PROMPT target selection

Motor speech control

PROMPT level of focus

Motor-phonemes (via auditory-tactual input) and lexicon within the broader linguistic context

PROMPT session type

Individual sessions

Any treatment technique that does not require the child to produce a speech sound but is used to indirectly “influence” the development of speaking abilities

nonspeech oral-motor exercises (NSOMEs)

NSOME have to be what in order to be useful?

it has to be taught with a sound to be successfull