4.3.2 Internal energy and energy transfers

What is internal energy?

Energy which is stored by particles within a system

What forms does internal energy take?

Kinetic energy and potential energy

How does heating increase the energy particles have?

It raises the temperature of the system or produces a change of state

What is specific heat capacity?

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C

What is the equation for specific heat capacity?

change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change

What is specific latent heat?

The amount of energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance without a change in temperature

What’s the equation for specific latent heat?

energy = mass x specific latent heat

What is happening to the temperature of ice at point A?

It is currently a solid

What is happening to the temperature at point B?

It reaches 0°C

What is happening to the temperature from point B to C?

There’s no temperature change as the energy is used through melting

What is happening to the temperature from point C to D?

It’s in liquid state

What is happening to the temperature from point D to E?

The water is boiling which takes longer as evaporation takes more energy

What is happening to the temperature from point E to F?

The gas is heating