Social cognitive theory

Observational Learning and Triadic Reciprocal Determinism - Bandura et al (Bobo doll)

What is the social cognitive theory?

The SCT is the theory that behavior is learnt through observation and this learning happens through reciprocal determinism

What is reciprocal determinism?

Reciprocal determinism is the concept of how these 3 factors (environment, personal factors, and behaviour) influence each other.

The 4 stages of observational learning

Attention, reproduction, retention, and motivation

Bandura et al, 1961 (AIMS)

To investigate whether or not children could learn aggressive behaviours through observation

Bandura et al (PROCEDURE)

• Children between 3-6 years old

• 3 conditions: Observed an adult behaving aggressively towards a Bobo doll, an adult playing peacefully with toys and no model present.

• Children were then taken to a room with toys, including a Bobo doll and their behaviour was observed (for signs of aggression)

Bandura et al (RESULTS)

Higher aggressive behaviour in the condition that observed the aggressive adult model with the Bobo doll.

• Boys also had generally higher aggression scores than the girls.

Bandura et al (CONCLUSION)

When children observe the behaviour of a ‘role model’ they may become more likely to imitate/model that behaviour through observational learning (proving the social cognitive theory that behaviour can be learned through observing others)