Upper Extremity Muscles

Pec Major

O: Clavicular head= medial ½ of the anterior clavicle

Sternocostal head= anterior surface of the sternum and superior 6 costal cartilages

I: Lateral to the intertubercular groove

A: Adduction, flexion(clavicular), extend/adduct(sternocostal head)

BS: Thoracoacromial artery and Lateral thoracic artery

N: Clavicular= lateral pectoral nerve (c5,6,7)

Sternocostal= medial pectoral nerve(c8,t1)

Pec minor

O: 3-5 ribs

I: coracoid process on medial side

A: pull shoulder girdle anterior and infereior to stabilize

BS: lateral thoracic artery and thoracoacromial artery

N: medial pectoral nerve

serratus anterior

O: External surfaces of ribs 1-8

I: Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

A: Protracts and rotates the scapula upwards

BS: lateral thoracic artery

N: Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Upper Trap

O: External occipital protuberance(EOP) and Nucheal line and ligament

I: posterior aspect of lateral 1/3 of clavicle

A: elevate and upward rotation of scap

BS: Transverse cervical artery

N: Spinal accessary nerve CN 11) and C3,4 nerve root

Middle Trap

O: ligamentum nuchae

I: medial aspect of accromian

A: retraction of scap

BS: transverse cervical artery.

N: spinal accessary nerve 11, c3c4 nerve root

Lower trap

O:all 12 thoracic vertebra

I: spine of scapula

A: depress, and upward rotation

BS: transverse cervical artery

N:spinal accessary nerve c11, and C3C4 nerve root

Latissimus Dorsi

O:spinous process of the inferior 6 thoracic vertebra and the thoracolumbar fascia

I: floor of the intertubicular groove of humerus

A: extension, adduction, and external internal rotation

BS: thoracodorsal artery

N: thoracodorsal nerve (c5-8) (posterior chord of brachial plexus)

levator scapulae

O:transverse process of the upper 4 cervical vertebra

I: Superior angle of scapula, and superior portion of the medial scapula

A: elevation and rotation of scapula, tilt glenoid inferiorly. head posture

BS:Dorsal scap artery

N:dorsal scapular nerve(C5) and C3/C4

Rhomboid major

O: spinous process of T2-25

I: inferior aspect of medial border of scap

A: retract and stabilize, inferior rotation of scap

BS: dorsal scapular artery

N: dorsal scapular nerve

Rhomboid minor, differences

O: lower ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of c7 and t1

I: superior to the rhomboid major on medial border of scap.

Anterior deltoid

O: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

I: deltoid tubercle of humerus

A: flexion, internal rotation

BS: Anterior circumflex humeral artery& thoracoacromial

N: Axillary nerve(c5,6)

All deltoids are innervated by what nerve and insert where?

Insert on the deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Innervated by the axillary nerve(c5,5)

Middle deltoid

O: lateral border of accromian

I: deltoid tubercle

A: abduction of arm

BS: posterior circumflex humeral

N: axillary nerve(c5,6)

Posterior deltoid

O: Spine of scapula

I: deltoid tubercle

A: extension and external rotation

BS: posterior circumflex humeral

N: axillary nerve c5,6

Teres major

O: posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

I: medial to the intertubercular groove

A: ADduction, extension, and internal rotation

BS: subscapular and posterior circumflex humeral

N:lower subscap nerve(c5,6) (posterior chord)

Supraspinatus

O: supraspinous fossa

I: superior facet of greater tubercle

A: first 4-15 degrees of abduction, GHJ joint stabilization

BS: Suprascapular artery

N: Suprascapular nerve (c5,6)

Infraspinatus

O: infraspinous fossa

I: middle facet of greater tubercle

A: external rotation, GHJ stabilization

BS: suprascapular artery

N: suprascapular nerve

Teres minor

O: middle ½ of lateral border of scapula

I: infereior facet of greater tubercle

A: external rotation, GHJ stabiliazation

BS: suprascapular artery

N: suprascapular nerve

Subscapularis

O: subscapular fossa

I: lesser tubercle of humerus

A:internal rotation, stabilization

BS: subscapular artery

N:upper and lower subscapular nerves(c5,6)