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20 Terms
1
Kinetic Molecular Theory
A theory based on the idea that particles of matter are always in motion.
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2
Ideal Gas
A hypothetical gas that perfectly fits all the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory.
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3
Assumptions of Kinetic Molecular Theory
1. Gas volume is negligible. 2. No intermolecular attractions/repulsions. 3. Continuous, random motion. 4. Elastic collisions. 5. Average kinetic energy is proportional to temperature.
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4
Elastic Collision
A collision in which there is no net loss of total kinetic energy.
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5
Gas Expansion
Gases fill the entire volume of their container.
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6
Gas Fluidity
Gases are able to flow past each other.
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7
Gas Low Density
Gas molecules are farther apart than in solids or liquids.
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8
Gas Compressibility
Gases are very compressible.
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9
Gas Diffusion
The gradual mixing of molecules of one gas with another by virtue of their kinetic properties.
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10
Effusion
A process by which gas particles pass through a tiny opening.
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11
Real Gas
A gas that does not behave completely according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory.
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12
Liquid
A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.
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13
Liquid Diffusion
Moderate mixing because particles can move past each other but bonds prevent them from floating away.
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14
Surface Tension
A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.
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15
Capillary Action
The attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid.
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16
Vaporization
The change from a liquid to a gas.
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17
Evaporation
The process by which surface molecules of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to a gas.
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18
Freezing
The change of state from a liquid to a solid.
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19
Properties of Liquids
1. Takes shape of container 2. Definitive volume 3. Does NOT expand.
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20
Compare Vaporization and Evaporation
Vaporization occurs below boiling point; evaporation occurs at or above boiling point.
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