1 divisions of the nervous system

what two systems are in the nervous system? describe them.

CNS: main control for life functions and concious psychological processes

PNS: transmits information between the CNS and external world/organs

what does the CNS system include? describe.

BRAIN: outer layer of brain is Cerebral Cortex, tightly packed neurons cells which makes up the layer. Involved of higher cognitive, emotional, sensory and motor functions - 4 lobes (parietal, occipital, temporal, frontal) and 2 hemispheres (L:language R:musical, artistic abilties)

SPINAL CORD: bundle of nerves, runs from brain to backbone. main function is to send nerve signals from brain to body & vice versa. involved in reflex actions

describe the peripheral NS

• nerves outside brain and spinal cord

• divided into two major systems: SNS (somatic) and ANS (autonomic)

describe the Somatic NS

• responsible for voluntary movement that is conscious and on purpose (walking, writing)

• voluntary movement of skeletal muscles

• transmits info between CNS and the senses andis under conscious control

describe the Autonomic NS

• part of PNS that controls involuntary movement

• transmits info from CNS to internal organs and non skeletal muscle.

eg. smooth msucle that control pupil size, digestion and cardiac muscle

what are the two other further systems in the Autonomic Nervous System?

Sympathetic Nervous System & Parasympathetic Nervous System

describe the Sympathetic NS

• prepares the body for fight or flight responses during stressful situations.

• produces increased heart rate, respiratory rate, increased blood flow to the muscles (quick reactions) and pupil dilation.

• helps body to survive in life threatening situation

describe the parasympathetic NS

• activated soon after the threat of danger has passed.

• opposite of the sympathetic NS and returns to homeostasis

• heart and respiratory rate decrease to normal levels and blood flow decreases

• returns to the digestive systems than muscles

• stimulates saliva flow, slowed heart rate